Respiratory Distress Drugs Flashcards
(29 cards)
Short Acting Bronchodilators
Albuterol
Metaproterenol
Terbutaline
Long Acting Bronchodilators
Salmeterol
B1 and B2 Agonist
Isoproterenol
A1, B1, B2 Agonist
Epinephrine
Bronchodilators MOA
- Beta 2 Agonist
- Bind Adenylate Cyclase = cAMP
- Relaxed Smooth Muscle
Bronchodilator USES
- Bronchospasms
- Long Action Prophylaxis Only
- Aerosolics have low systemic Toxicity Potential
Bronchodilator CI
- Uncontrolled Arrhythmia
Bronchodilator SE
- Anxiety
- Headache
- Tremors
- Palpitations
- Tachycardia
- HTN
- Arrhythmia
Xanthine Bronchodilators - Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors
Theophylline
Aminophylline
MOA - Competitively inhibit Phosphodiesterase, INC cAMP, Relaxation of bronchial muscle
Theophylline Drug Interactions
Cipro - Effects elimination Erythromycin - INC toxicity Tobacco and Pot - INC metabolism Carbamezepine - DEC effects Phenobarbital - CNS depressant
Anticholinergic Bronchodilators
- M Blockers
Ipatropium
Tiotropium
MOA - Local bronchodilation after inhalation
USES - BB induced Bronchospasm; Adjunct Bronchodilator in Asthma
SE - Dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention, Tachycardia, Mydriasis
Corticosteroids
Beclomethasone
Fluticasone
Triamcinolone
Ciclesonide
(ORAL) Predinose
MOA - Anti-inflammatory, Stop Inflammatory mediators, Stop LTs
USES - Chronic Bronchitis, Bronchial Asthma, Allergic Rhinitis
SE - Abdominal Distress, Anorexia, Unpleasant taste in mouth, Candidiasis
CI - Acute Bronchospasms
LT Antagonists
Montelukast
Zafirlukast
MOA - Antagonist at LTD4 receptors
LOX Antagonists
Zileuton
MOA - Blocks ALL LTs
USES - Prophylaxis and chronic tx of asthma, Seasonal allergic rhinitis
SE - Headache, dental pain, GI distress, Rash, Zileutin INC LFTs
Mast Cell Stabilizers
Cromulon
Nedocromil
MOA - Prevent degranulation of pulmonary mast cells (no release of histamine)
USES - Prevention of Bronchospasm, Prophylactic in exercise induced asthma, Not acute attack
SE - Cough, Hoarseness, Diarrhea, Myalgia, Bad taste in mouth
Monoclonal Ab
Omalizumab
MOA - Binds IgE on Mast Cells
USES - Moderate to severe Persistent Asthma (NOT ACUTE)
SE - Local injection site irritation, Headache, INC rate of viral or resp tract infxn
Quick Relief in Infants and young Kids
Albuterol
Long Term Relief: Mild Intermittent (Less than 2days/week)
No Tx
Long Term Relief: Mild Persistent (>2days/week)
- Low Dose Inhaler
Beclomethasone
OR Montelukast and/or cromolyn
OR Theophylline
Long Term Relief: Moderate Persistent (DAILY)
- Low Dose Inhaler
Beclomethasone + salmetrol or Montelukast
Long Term Relief: Severe Persistent (DAILY - FREQUENT)
- High Dose Inhaler
Beclomethasone + Salmetrol + Oral Predisone
Goals of Therapy (Asthma Control)
- Minimal or no chronic s/sx day or night
- Minimal or no exacerbations
- No limitations on activity
- Maintain normal pulmonary fxn
- Minimal use of short acting B2 inhaler
- Minimal or no SE
ER management of Status Asthmaticus
- Supplemental O2
- Inhaled Albuterol
- IV Methylprednisone
- Nebulized Ipratropium
- *In Severe Attacks w/ no response to inhaled drugs - SC/IV Epinephrine
Antitussives
Opioid - Codeine
Non-Opioid - Dextromethorphan, Benzonatate
MOA - Suppress cough reflex
USES - Dry cough and cough that affects activities/sleep
