Respiratory Drugs

Question 1

Bronchodilator Drugs

Answer 1

Beta 2 agonists / methylxanthines / anticholinergics

Question 2

Anti-inflammatory Drugs

Answer 2

Glucocortcoids / Cromolyn / Nedocromil / Leukotriene modifiers

Question 3

Combination Drugs

Answer 3

B2 agonists & glucocorticoid

Question 4

Side effects of B2 agonists

Answer 4

Tachycardia / angina / tremor

Question 5

Side effects of methylxanthines

Answer 5

Narrow therapeutic range / hepatic metabolism / N/V/D / insomnia / restlessness

Question 6

Use of Anticholinergics

Answer 6

Bronchoconstriction –> COPD

Exercise & allergen induced asthma

Question 7

MOA: Methylxanthines

Answer 7

Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle

Question 8

MOA: Anticholinergics

Answer 8

block muscarinic receptors for bronchodilation

Question 9

MOA: B2 agonists

Answer 9

Suppress histamine / increase cilliary motion

Question 10

MOA: Glucocorticoids

Answer 10

Decrease airway mucous production / suppress inflam response & bronchial hyperactivity

Question 11

Side effects of Glucocorticoids

Answer 11

Thrush / dysphonia (use spacer to avoid)
Adrenal suppression: bone loss
Slows growth in peds

Question 12

MOA: Cromolyn & Nedocromil

Answer 12

Suppress inflamm by stabilizing cytoplasmic membrane of mast cells

Question 13

Use: Cromolyn & Nedocromil

Answer 13

Exercise induced brochospasm

Question 14

Side effects: Cromolyn & Nedocromil

Answer 14

cough & bronchospasm

no systemic effects –> 1st line use

Question 15

MOA: Leukotrine modifiers

Answer 15

Suppress leukotrienes (these promote bronchospasm) –> decrease brochospasms

Question 16

Side effects: Leukotrine modifiers

Answer 16

Hepatic metabolism

Question 17

B2 agonist + glucocorticoids

Answer 17

Advair diskus ( fluticasone + salmeterol)

Question 18

Use: Antihistamine

Answer 18

Allergic rhinitis

RXs: Loratadine / cetirizine / fexofenadine / diphenhydramine / Azelastine (nasal)

Question 19

Side Effects: Antihistamine

Answer 19

Sedation

Question 20

Use & MOA: Decongestant

Answer 20

Allergic rhinitis & URI
Alpha agonist –> vasoconstriction
RXs: Phenylephine / ppseudoephedrine / oxymetazoline

Question 21

Side Effects: Decongestant

Answer 21

Rebound congestion
CNS stimulation (anxoius/sleepy)
CV effect : no use in pts w HTN
Hemmorrhagic stroke

Question 22

Use: Nasal glucocorticoids

Answer 22

Allergic rhinitis

RXs: triamcinolone (nasacort) / fluticasone (flonase)

Question 23

Side Effects: Antitussives

Answer 23

Some include opiods

Question 24

Use: Antitussives

Answer 24

Cough suppression
RXs: hydrocodone
/dextromethorpohan

Question 25

Use & MOA: Expectorants

Answer 25

Use: Makes cough productive MOA: Stimulates respiratory excretions RXs: Guaifenesin

Question 26

Use: Mucolytics

Answer 26

Makes mucous more watery | RXs: acetylcysteine

Question 27

Side Effects: Mucolytics

Answer 27

Can trigger bronchospasms

Question 28

Nursing considerations for all URI and LRI Tx

Answer 28

Increase water/fluid intake

Question 29

Short acting beta 2 agonists

Answer 29

Use: Rescue inhaler --> Asthma

Question 30

Anitcholinergics

Answer 30

Use: Rescue inhaler --> Asthma

Question 31

Systemic corticosteriods

Answer 31

Rescue inhaler --> Asthma

Question 32

MOA: Short acting b2 agonists for asthma tx

Answer 32

Relax bronchial smooth muscle

Question 33

MOA: Anitcholiergics for Asthma Tx

Answer 33

Block PNS that cause airway to constrict to allow airway to remain open

Question 34

MOA: Systemic corticosteriods in Asthma Tx

Answer 34

Treat late-phase inflammatory rxn

Question 35

Corticosteriods

Answer 35

Long-term asthma tx

Question 36

Long acting beta 2 agonists (LABA)

Answer 36

Long-term asthma tx

Question 37

Cromolyn & Nedocromil

Answer 37

Long-term asthma tx

Question 38

Leukotrine receptor antagonists

Answer 38

Long-term asthma tx

Question 39

Theophylline

Answer 39

Long-term asthma tx

Question 40

MOA: corticosteriods

Answer 40

disrupt production pathways of inflammatory mediators

Question 41

MOA: LABA

Answer 41

bronchodilation via relaxation of smoth muscle Onset is slow but lasts long

Question 42

MOA: Cromolyn & Nedocromil

Answer 42

Prevents inflammatory response / bronchoconstriction

Question 43

MOA: LTRAs

Answer 43

Nonsteroid Anti-inflammatory bronchodilator

Question 44

MOA: Theophylline

Answer 44

Phosphodiesterase inhibitor which promotes bronchodilation