Respiratory Drugs Flashcards Preview

Year 3 Drugs + Core Conditions > Respiratory Drugs > Flashcards

Flashcards in Respiratory Drugs Deck (14)
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1
Q

how does salbutamol work

A

beta 2 agonist
receptors found in smooth muscle of bronchi, GI tract, uterus and vessels
stimulation leads to relaxation

2
Q

what relationship does salbutamol have with potassium

A

Drives K+ from extracellular to intracellular

used in treatment of hyperkalaemia + glucose and insulin

3
Q

what must long acting beta 2 agonists be prescribed with

A

steroids, otherwise associated with increased asthma deaths

4
Q

how does tiotropium bromide work? (Spiriva)

A

Anticholinergic
muscarinic receptor antagonist - brings about parasympathetic effects - causes bronchodilation and reduces mucus secretion

5
Q

important contraindications of tiotropium bromide

A

patients susceptible to angle closure glaucoma - can cause rise in IOP

6
Q

how does prednisolone work?

A

corticosteroid

anti-inflammatory effects - reduces prostaglandin and leukotriene synthesis

7
Q

what are the possible side effects of prednisolone

A
increased risk and severity of infection
muscle weakness, skin thinning, gastritis
HTN, hypokalaemia, oedema
suppresses ACTH secretion
if withdrawn quickly - Addisonian crisis
prolonged treatment >> adrenal atrophy
8
Q

How does Carbocysteine work

A

mucolytic

reduces viscosity of sputum

9
Q

contraindications of Carbocysteine?

A

pregnancy
active peptic ulceration
non-productive cough

10
Q

how does theophylline work?

A

adenosine receptor antagonist (ATP)
reduces inflammation and innate immunity
relaxes airways in COPD patients

11
Q

what extrapulmonary effects does theophylline have?

A

increases heart muscle contractility, rate, BP, renal blood flow

12
Q

should theophylline be prescribed to an active smoker?

A

no, because of cardiac side effects

13
Q

when is Oxygen therapy contraindicated?

A

Patients with chronic type 2 respiratory failure
respiratory drive is driven by chronic hypoxaemia
O2 can lead to respiratory acidosis

14
Q

what are the various methods of delivery for Oxygen

A

Non-rebreather reservoir - 15L/min
Venturi mask - variable
Nasal cannulae - 2-6L/min