RESPIRATORY EMERGENCIES

Question 1

Discuss the role of ventilation and perfusion (V/Q) matching and shunting in oxygen delivery and consumption

Answer 1

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Question 2

Distinguish between an anatomical and physiological shunt and dead space

Answer 2

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Question 3

Explain the transport of dissolved oxygen

Answer 3

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Question 4

Explain the transport of haemoglobin bound oxygen

Answer 4

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Question 5

Explain the oxygen haemoglobin dissociation curve

Answer 5

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Question 6

Discuss the factors involved which result in a shift in the oxygen haemoglobin dissociation curve (Bohr effect)

Answer 6

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Question 7

Discuss the relationship between oxygen content, oxygen delivery, oxygen consumption, and the oxygen extraction ratio in the assessment of hypoxaemia and shunting

Answer 7

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Question 8

Describe how carbon dioxide is transported in the blood

Answer 8

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Question 9

Outline the clinical manifestations of hypoxia

Answer 9

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Question 10

Define hypercapnia

Answer 10

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Question 11

List the clinical manifestations of hypercapnia

Answer 11

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Question 12

Define type one and type two respiratory failure

Answer 12

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Question 13

List the clinical manifestations of asthma

Answer 13

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Question 14

List the clinical manifestations of COPD

Answer 14

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Question 15

List the clinical manifestations of pneumonia

Answer 15

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Question 16

List the clinical manifestations of a pneumothorax

Answer 16

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Question 17

List the clinical manifestations of APO

Answer 17

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Question 18

List the clinical manifestations of a pulmonary embolis (PE)

Answer 18

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Question 19

Discuss the pathophysiology of asthma

Answer 19

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Question 20

Discuss the pathophysiology of COPD

Answer 20

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Question 21

Discuss the pathophysiology of pneumonia

Answer 21

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Question 22

Discuss the pathophysiology of APO

Answer 22

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Question 23

Discuss the pathophysiology of a PE

Answer 23

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Question 24

Discuss the management of asthma

Answer 24

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Question 25

Discuss the management of COPD

Answer 25

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Question 26

Discuss the management of pneumonia

Answer 26

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Question 27

Discuss the management of a pneumothorax

Answer 27

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Question 28

Discuss the management of APO

Answer 28

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Question 29

Discuss the management of a PE

Answer 29

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Question 30

List the factors that cause a shift in the oxygen haemoglobin dissociation curve, and explain the pathophysiology of the shift on oxygen transport

Answer 30

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Question 31

An altered conscious state is a sign of hypercapnia, explain the underlying pathophysiology

Answer 31

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Question 32

Outline the risk factors that increase the risk of APO?

Answer 32

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Question 33

Discuss why some studies recommend caution in the use of diuretics in APO?

Answer 33

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Question 34

Outline some of the common triggers of asthma?

Answer 34

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Question 35

Asthma is a result of changes in the lungs. List these three (3) changes?

Answer 35

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Question 36

List the risk factors for PE?

Answer 36

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Question 37

Describe the precipitants of an acute exacerbation of COPD?

Answer 37

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Question 38

Discuss the clinical significance of carbon dioxide retention and oxygen therapy use in the COPD patient?

Answer 38

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