Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

POC 27 Module 3 > Respiratory Emergencies > Flashcards

Respiratory Emergencies Flashcards

(99 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Lungs fail to work

A

Carbon Dioxide accumulates in the blood. Co2 combines with water to form hydrogen ions. Resulting in acidosis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Impaired Bentilation Causes

A

Upper Airway Obstruction- foreign body, infection, trauma
Lower Airway Obstruction- disease, mucus, edema
Chest Wall Impairment- flail chest, pneumonia, restrictive (scoliosis)
Neuromuscular Impairment- Lou Gehrig disease, OD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Guillain Barre Syndrome

A

Progressive muscle weakness and paralysis move from the feet up.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pickwickian Syndrome

A

Obesity hypoventilation syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Serious injury to the spinal cord above _____ may…

A

above C5 may block the nerve impulses that stimulate breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Botulism

A

Rare.
Acquired by giving infants raw honey.
Can cause muscle paralysis and ultimately hinder breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Alcohol, Narcotics and Opiates

A

Reduce the respiratory drive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Hyperventilation

A

Creates alkolosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Hypoventilation

A

Creates acidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Respiratory Alkolosis

A

Cause numbness and tingling in the hands, feet and mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Carpopedal Spasm

A

Hands and feet clinch like a claw due to hyperventilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why breathing into bag is bad

A

1) rebreathing too much carbon dioxide can cause hypoxia

2) may be compensatory and does not need to be fixed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Causes for hyperventilation

A

Stressor such as a family fight, or bad news.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Psychological Support for hyperventilation

A

Breathing with the patient
Count to two between breaths
Talk to the patient
Sing a song

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Turbinates

A

Highly vascular
Mucus covered that traps particulate matter
Large surface area allows air to be warmed and humidified

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Angiodema

A

Vascular reaction characterized by swelling of eyes, lips, rounded and mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Hypopharynx

A

Where Oro and nasopharynx meets
Gag reflex
Vagus nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Larynx

A

Voice box

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Glottis

A

Vocal cords

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Arytenoid cartilage

A

Two pearly white lumps at distal end of vocal cords

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Pyriform Fossa

A

Pockets of tissue on sides of glottis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Cilia

A

Small hairlike structures that wave in a pattern to move particulate matter up and out of the airway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Block Spots in lungs

A

Food or objects that were inhaled and become permanently lodged within lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Goblet cells

A

Line the irways

Produce mucus that blankets lining of airway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Gas Exchange
Process by which deoxygenated blood from the pulmonary circulation releases carbon dioxide and is resupplied with oxygen before entering cardiac circulation
26
Alveolar Cell Types I and II
Type 1- (pneumocystis) are empty and allow for better gas exchange Type 2-make new type 1 cells and produce surfactant
27
Surfactant
Reduces surface tension and helps keep alveoli expanded
28
Shunt
Collapsed alveoli do not participate in gas exchange. Blood from right side of heart bypasses alveoli and returns to left side unoxygenated resulting in hypoxemia.
29
Polycythemia
Thick blood COPD patients generate a surplus of RBC's that cause strain on right side of heart due to the blood trying to push through tiny capillaries
30
Cor Pulmonale
Right sided heart failure because of chronic lung disease
31
Dead Space
Left over gas in airway. (1ml of dead space per pound)
32
Restrictive Lung Diseas
E.g kiphosis, loridosis, scoliosis | Limits air movement
33
Respiration
Oxygen is taken into the body, distributed to the cells, and used by cells to make energy
34
Ventilation
Movement of air in and out of the lungs
35
Diffusion
Movement of oxygen from interstitial to alveoli for use
36
Perfusion
Circulatory component of respiratory system
37
Hearing Breuer Reflex
Regulates depth of inspiration to not overinflated the lungs
38
Negative Pressure
Air sucked into lungs and then pushed out
39
Exhalation
Passive process
40
Sternum Rib retrations
Often present in children and infants causing bony retrations
41
Wheezing
High pitched whistling made by air forced through narrow airway (asthma, CHF, or foreign body)
42
Crackles
Popping open of alveoli and caused by increased fluid in the lungs
43
Rales
High pitched crackles
44
Rhonchi
Low pitched crackles
45
Stridor
Airway obstruction
46
Blood tinged sputum
Tuberculosis or small airway vessel rupture from excessive coughing
47
Purulent
Pus like fluid
48
Sputum Color Meaning
``` Frothy, pink- CHF Thick- dehydration Purulent- infection Yellow, green, brown- old secretions Clear or white- bronchitis Blood streaked- tumor, tuberculosis, pulmonary edema, trauma from coughing ```
49
Agonal Breathing
Irregular gasps widely spaced. Not actual breathing
50
Apneuistic Breathing
Prolonged inspiratory "fish breathing" | Indicitave of severe damage to the brain
51
Ataxic Breathing
Chaotically irregular indicate severe brain injury
52
Biot Respirations
Irregular pattern, rate and depth with patterns of apnea | Indicates brain injury or herniation
53
Cheyenne-Stokes Respirations
Crescendo-decrescendo with period of apnea inbetween | Indicates brain injury
54
Eupnea
Normal breathing
55
Hyperpnea
Increased rate and death of breathing (overdose)
56
Hypopnea
Decreased rate and death
57
Kussmaul
Deep respirations Caused by body's attempt to rid body of metabolic acidosis Seen with DKA patients Accompanied
58
Cerebellum Injury
Hyperpnea Cheyenne Stokes Apnea
59
Brain stem Injury
Apneuistic Biot Ataxic Agonal
60
Anitussive
Suppresses cough. | Can be bad because coughing naturally clears secretions from the airway
61
Pulse Oximetry
Measures percentage of hemoglobin that has oxygen attached to it Keep saturation abover 93% saturation
62
Capnography ROCS
Increase in 10 to 35 mmHg
63
Aerosol Therapy
Delivers liquid medications by smaller particles to facilitate the delivery of medication into the lower airway at 6lpm Larger particles may be formed at lower oxygen setting and won't reach the lower airway
64
Aerosol for burns and croup
Can greatly humidify and "cool" the airway of a burn patient with aerosoling normal saline
65
Spacer
Collects medication and allows higher concentration of medication to be delivered and will lose less to the environement
66
Oxygen in Body
97% bound to hemoglobin and 3% bound in plasma
67
Orthopnea
Difficulty breathing laying down
68
CPAP
Contraindications are hypotension (increase thoracic pressure decreasing perload) AMS Vomiting
69
Settings CPAP
5 to 15cm of water and 5 to 10lpm of oxygen
70
Poiseuille's Law
The diameter of a tube decreases, resistance to flow decrease exponentially
71
Laryngotracheobronchitis
EXAMPLE is croup | Inflammation of larynx, trachea, and bronchi
72
Upper Airway Inflammation
``` Croup Epiglottitis Peritonsillar Abscess Diphtheria Enlarged Tonsils ```
73
Croup
Usually between 6months to 3 years Barking or seal cough May be caused by laryngotracheobronchitis
74
Epiglottitis
Inflammation of epiglottitis usually by infection | Sore throat, fever, hoarseness, and hyper extension of the neck
75
Aspiration
Inhalation of anything other than air Can cause pnuemoitis and pneumonia Aspiration of stomach contents increase mortality significantly
76
Obstructive Lower Airway Disease
*Asthma* | Findings include pursed lips, increased I/E ratio, abdominal muscle use, and JVD.
77
Asthma
Increased reactivity of the trachea and bronchi to a variety of stimuli TRIANGLE of Asthma *edema, bronchospasm, and mucus production*
78
Status Asthmaticus
Severe, prolonged asthmatic attack that cannot be stopped with traditional treatment
79
Bronchospasm
Caused by constriction of the smooth muscle that surrounds larger bronchi in the lungs -can occur from allergen, dust, perfume, animal dander, or change in temperatures-
80
Bronchial Edema
Swelling of bronchial and bronchi Creates turbulent air flow, wheezing, and air trapping (Corticosteroids)
81
Mucus Production
Thick secretions may plug distal airway and contibute air trapping
82
COPD
Empheseyma and Chronic Bronchitits | When the tracheobronchial tree becomes so weak it collapses
83
Chronic Bronchitis
Sputum production most days of month for 3 or more months out of the year for more than 2 years Chronic and reoccurrence cough Almost always a smoker
84
Assessment of Chronic Bronchitis
Crackles, Edema, infections, sputum production
85
Hypoxia Drive
Body stimulates breathing from a decrease in partial prsssure of oxygen
86
Atelactisis
When alveoli completely collapse eventually including entire lung segments
87
Lung Cancer
Tumors in large airways causing hemoptysis | Common site for metastasis (cancer formation from other sites)
88
Pulmonary Edema
Fluid build up in lung tissue | Assessment revealed rales or rhonchi
89
ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome)
Shock lung, Da Nang lung, hyaline membrane in neonates
90
Pneumothorax
Air collects between visceral and parietal pleura
91
Bleb
Weak spot in the lung causing spontaneous pneumothorax | Coughing or lifting
92
Pleural Effusion
Fluid collects between visceral and parietal pleura
93
Pulmonary Embolism
Blood clot in the lungs S1Q3T3 on ECG SUDDEN dyspnea, cyanosis, sharp pain in chest
94
PE causes
Clot forms in the greater saphenous vein | Thrombophlebitis
95
Holman Sign for PE
Calf pain from thrombophlebitis
96
Greenfield Filter
Filter placed in placed with patients that have a history of DVT's that help trap clots or coagulated blood (basically a net)
97
Cape cyanosis
Deep cyanosis of the face, neck, chest and back despite good-quality CPR and ventilation with 100% oxygen
98
Cystic Fibrosis
Produce copious amounts of thick mucus in respiratory and digestive tracts
99
Pertussis
"Whooping Cough" contagious bacterial disease "the 100 day cough" Can cause vomiting, hypoxia, conjuctivial hemmorage

POC 27 Module 3 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions