Respiratory Emergency medications

Question 1

The MOST common medications used in the treatment of respiratory emergencies are the:

A)

Sympathomimetics.

B)

Xanthines.

C)

Cholinergics.

D)

Parasympathomimetics.

Answer 1

sympathyometics

Question 2

In treating respiratory disorders, it is MOST desirable for a medication to stimulate which receptor sites?

A)

Alpha1

B)

Beta1

C)

Beta2

D)

Both beta1 and beta2

Answer 2

beta 2

Question 3

When utilizing corticosteroids in the treatment of respiratory disorders, it is important to know that:

A)

Administering the steroids as the first medication will allow the medication to work quickly in reversing bronchospasm.

B)

Steroids should always be given to a patient suffering from asthma.

C)

Corticosteroids are desirable for short-term control of bronchoconstriction.

D)

Time of onset is usually about 1-4 hours and effects will not be noticed by the paramedic in the acute setting.

Answer 3

time of onset is usually about 1- 4 hours and effects will not be noticed by the paramedic in the acute setting

Question 4

Use of neuromuscular blockade in respiratory distress is:

A)

Indicated to maintain the patient’s protective reflexes.

B)

Only indicated when an experienced provider is available to gain control of the airway.

C)

Contraindicated.

D)

Commonly indicated to gain control of a patient’s airway.

Answer 4

only indicated when an experienced provider is available to gain control of the airway

Question 5

Oxygen delivery using a nasal cannula at 1-6 liters per minute provides oxygen concentrations between:

A)

20-21 percent.

B)

60-80 percent.

C)

80-100 percent.

D)

24-44 percent.

Answer 5

24-44 percent

Question 6

Following the initial treatment of asthma, the paramedic should consider the administration of ________, especially if transport time is long.

A)

Corticosteroids

B)

Atropine

C)

Aminophylline

D)

Epinephrine

Answer 6

corticosteroids

Question 7

The initial dose of epinephrine in anaphylaxis is:

A)

0.3 mg-0.5 mg 1:1000 IM.

B)

3.0-5.0 mg 1:10,000 IV.

C)

1 mg 1:10,000 IV.

D)

3.0-5.0 mg IM.

Answer 7

0.4 mg-0.5 mg 1 : 1000 IM

Question 8

Side effects of albuterol include:

A)

Increased air trapping, decreased peak-flow spirometry, and increasing capnography.

B)

Anxiety, hypertension, tremors, and headache.

C)

Bradycardia, increased bronchial secretions, increased gut motility.

D)

Hypotension, bradycardia, and dry mouth.

Answer 8

anxiety, hypertension, tremors and headache

Question 9

A contraindication to the use of racemic epinephrine is ________.

Question 14 options:

A)

COPD

B)

Asthma

C)

Croup

D)

Epiglottitis

Answer 9

epiglottitis

Question 10

A contraindication to the use of metaproterenol is:

A)

COPD.

B)

Significant tachycardia.

C)

Low peak-flow measurement.

D)

Wheezing.

Answer 10

significant tachycardia

Question 11

Which of the following is the CORRECT dosage of Aminophylline for asthma refractory to sympathomimetic agents?

A)

Aminophylline is contraindicated in asthma.

B)

2-5 mg/kg diluted in 80 mL of D5W administered over 20 minutes

C)

5 mg slowly over 20 minutes

D)

1 gram diluted in 250 cc of NaCl administered in 10 minutes

Answer 11

2-5 mg/kg diluted in 80 mL of D5W administered over 20 min

Question 12

Anticholinergics are used in treating asthma because they:

A)

Inhibit the production of secretions by blocking the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system.

B)

Cause sympathetic activity by binding at cholinergic receptor sites.

C)

Relax bronchial muscle due to an effect similar to the xanthine bronchodilators.

D)

Stimulate bronchodilation through beta2 effects.

Answer 12

inhibit the production of secretions by blocking the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system

Question 13

Which of the following statements regarding the medication ipratropium is TRUE?

A)

Ipratropium is primarily a beta-agonist responsible for dilation of the bronchioles.

B)

Ipratropium may be administered by intravenous route if it is given slowly over 20 minutes.

C)

Ipratropium is most frequently administered with a beta-agonist to provide bronchodilation and drying of bronchial secretions.

D)

Ipratropium is given to relieve the long term inflammatory effects of asthma.

Answer 13

Ipratropium is most frequently administered with a beta-agonist to provide bronchodilation and drying of bronchial secretions

Question 14

A contraindication to the use of methylprednisolone in the prehospital realm is:

A)

Severe anaphylaxis.

B)

COPD.

C)

Urticaria.

D)

There are no contraindications to the use of methylprednisolone acute management of anaphylaxis.

Answer 14

there are no contraindications to the use of methylprednisolone acute management of anaphylaxis