Respiratory Histology

Question 1

Which structures comprise the conducting portion of the respiratory system

Answer 1

Nasal cavity
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles

Question 2

Which structures comprise the respiratory portion of the respiratory system

Answer 2

Respiratory bronchioles
alveolar sacs
alveoli

Question 3

Functions of the conducting portion of the respiratory system

Answer 3

Deliver air to respiratory portion

clean/filter air

moisten air

adjust air temp

Question 4

Which structure does the filtration of inspired air

Answer 4

Vibrissae ( and mucociliary action

Question 5

What moistens inspired air

Answer 5

humidity from mucus & blood vessels

Question 6

What adjusts air temperature

Answer 6

exchange to/from blood vessels

Question 7

What are the four layer of the conduction portion of the respiratory system

Answer 7

lining epithelium

connective tissue

supporting tissue

muscles

Question 8

What kind of epithelium is in the conduction portion of the respiratory system

Answer 8

Pseudo stratified ciliated columnar epithelial cells

Question 9

Apart from epithelial cells, which other type of cells are in the lining epithelium of the conduction portion of the respiratory system

Answer 9

Goblet cells

Question 10

Immune cells are located in which layer of the conducting portion of the respiratory track

Answer 10

Lamina propria of the connective tissue

Question 11

What are the types of supporting tissue in the conducting portion of the supporting tissue

Answer 11

Bone
cartilage
elastic fibers

Question 12

What can cause the mucociliary clearance in the respiratory system be ineffective

Answer 12

Infections or damage to the endothelium

Question 13

What kind of epithelium is in the anterior of the nasal cavity

Answer 13

Keratinized stratified Squamous

Question 14

What kind of epithelium is in the posterior of the nasal cavity

Answer 14

Respiratory epithelium (pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium)

Question 15

What kind of epithelium is in the roof of the nasal cavity

Answer 15

olfactory epithelium

Question 16

Which part of the nasal cavity contain vibrissae

Answer 16

Anterior (vestibule)

Question 17

Apart from the roof of the nose, which other area has olfactory epithelium

Answer 17

Part of the superior concha

Question 18

To be able to have regeneration of the sense of smell, stem cells in which nasal cavity epithelium proliferates

Answer 18

Olfactory epithelium

Question 19

What are the 3 divisions of the pharynx

Answer 19

•Nasopharynx •Oropharynx •Laryngopharynx

Question 20

Which part of the pharynx has stratified squamos epithelium

Answer 20

Oropharynx

Question 21

Which type of epithelium does the larynx have

Answer 21

Respiratory epithelium Stratified squamous non keratinized

Question 22

What kind of supportive tissue does the larynx have

Answer 22

Cartilage

Question 23

What kind of muscle is found in the core of the vocal cord and what is it’s name

Answer 23

Skeletal muscle (vocalis muscle)

Question 24

What kind of epithelium does the vocal cords have

Answer 24

stratified sqamous non-k epithelium

Question 25

The trachealis muscle separates which two structures

Answer 25

Esophagus and trachea

Question 26

What kind of epithelium does the trachea have

Answer 26

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Question 27

What kind of supportive tissues does the trachea have

Answer 27

hyaline cartilage

Question 28

the seromucus glands of the trachea are in which layer

Answer 28

Submucosa

Question 29

What are the 4 components of tracheal epithelium

Answer 29

1-Ciliated columnar cells 2-Mucus (Goblet) cells 3-Basal cells 4-Brush cells 5-Small granule (kulchitsky) cells

Question 30

Which cells are neuro-endocrine cells found in trachea epithelium

Answer 30

Kulchitsky cells

Question 31

Which cells in the tracheal epithelium act as sensory receptrs

Answer 31

Brush cells

Question 32

What are the differences going from bronchus to bronchioles

Answer 32

Thinner no cartilage no mucus glands Epithelial cells change from pseudostratified ciliated columnar to ciliated cuboidal cells, Prescence of Club/Clara cell

Question 33

Which cells in the conducting portion of the respiratory system have non-ciliated rounded or dome-shaped apical surface projection

Answer 33

Clara (club) cells

Question 34

Which cells secrete a surface-active agent, a lipoprotein that prevents luminal adhesion

Answer 34

Clara (club) cells

Question 35

True or false: the height of epithelium increases as you move from conducting to respiratory portion of the respiratory system

Answer 35

False, the height decreases

Question 36

Which structures are part of the respiratory portion of the respiratory system

Answer 36

Respiratory bronchioles Alveolar ducts/sacs Alveoli

Question 37

Pores of Kohn are present in which structure

Answer 37

Alveoli

Question 38

What are the two types of pneumocytes

Answer 38

Type I alveolar cells Type II alveolar cells

Question 39

What kind of epithelium covers Type I pneumocytes

Answer 39

very flat squamous epithelial cells

Question 40

What is the main constituent of surfactant

Answer 40

Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC)

Question 41

Which cells are the progenitor cells for Type I pneomocytes

Answer 41

Type II pneumocytes

Question 42

Which pneumocyte has microvilli and lamellar bodies

Answer 42

Type II

Question 43

What does the interalveolar septum consist of

Answer 43

scattered fibroblasts and macrophages 2. sparse extracellular matrix (ECM) 3. elastic and reticular fibers (collagen) of connective tissue

Question 44

Reticular fibers in the alveoli prevent what

Answer 44

collapse and excessive distention of alveol

Question 45

True or false: | interalveolar septa are vascularized with a rich capillary network.

Answer 45

True

Question 46

What is the blood air barrier comprised of

Answer 46

1. the attenuated endothelial cell of the capillary, 2. the two combined basal laminae, 3. the attenuated type I pneumocyte, 4. and the surfactant and fluid coating of the alveolus