RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS: URTI – CHILDREN Flashcards
(33 cards)
What structure ends the upper respiratory tract?
Larynx
Name the two classes of infective agents
Viral
Bacterial
Which class of infective agents are very pathogenic?
Viral agents
Identify some viral agents that can cause URTI
- Adenovirus
- Influenza A, B
- Parainfluenza type I, III
- RSV – respiratory syncytial virus
- Rhinovirus
Identify some of the bacterial infective agents that can cause URTI
• H influenzae • M catarrhalis • (Mycoplasma) • (S aureus) • Streptococci (B haemolytic, S pyogenes, Non haemolytic, S pneumoniae)
are URTIs common in children?
yes
When is Rhinitis most common?
winter months (7 months; end of august - march)
What type of condition is Rhinitis?
Self limiting
What other illnesses is Rhinitis prodome to?
- Pneumonia
- bronchiolitis
- Meningitis
- Septicaemia
What should you do if you’re unsure of whether the child has rhinitis?
review
What type of condition is Otitis media?
Self limiting
What is otitis media?
Primary viral infection - Spontaneous rupture of drum (ear infection causing, erythema, redness and swelling)
When is otitis media referred to as a secondary infection?
When it’s accompanied with Pneumococcus/ H’flu
What form of management is used for Otitis media?
Analgesia (conservative management)
What form of managment is not recommended for Otitis media?
Antibiotics
Why aren’t antibiotics not encouraged?
end point is the same as with analgesia i.e. child will make a full recovery
antibiotics have major side effects
Symptom of rhinitis?
Runny nose
Symptom of otitis media and average duration?
earache
4 days
Is tonsilitis/pharyngitis common?
yes
How would you determine whether tonsillitis was viral or bacterial?
Throat swab to determine (for two days and detect whether bacteria are present)
How would you treat tonsillitis?
Either nothing or 10 days penicillin
What would you not use to treat tonsillitis and why?
amoxycillin –the patient will turn bright red, so unable to diagnose/distinguish
What symptom is associated with tonsillitis?
sore throat
Average duration of croup
3 days
