Respiratory Pathogens

Question 1

Acute Chest Syndrome with Pleuritis

Answer 1

Coxsackie Virus

Question 2

Most common cause of atypical pneumonia in children and Otitis Media in adolescents ?How can you prevent it ?

Answer 2

RSV. Passive Immunization with Palivizumab

Question 3

Cause of Croup in Infants

Answer 3

Parainfluenza, treat with racemic epinephrine and O2

Question 4

Steeple Sign

Answer 4

Croup

Question 5

Thumbprint Sign, Inspiratory Stridor, Tripoding, Drooling, Cherry red epiglottis

Answer 5

Epiglotitis, Examine in OR and Intubate if necessary

Question 6

Epiglotitis

Answer 6

H. Influenza, Treat with Ceftriaxone +/- intubation

Question 7

3 stages of Pertussus

Answer 7

1. Cararrhal 2. Paroxysmal 3. Convalescent.

Question 8

Influenza that causes world wide epidemics

Answer 8

Influenza A

Question 9

Influenza that causes major outbreaks

Answer 9

Influenza B

Question 10

Treatment of Influenza

Answer 10

Neuroamidase Inhibitors Zanamivir and Oseltamivir

Question 11

Who requires Influenza vaccination?

Answer 11

People over 65 or with chronic medical conditions

Question 12

Antigenic Shift and Drift, which requires a new vaccine?

Answer 12

Shift, which is a major mutation in neuroamidase or hemagluttin.

Question 13

Breathed deer and mouse feces in SW USA, Developes ARDS and renal failure. 1st step in workup

Answer 13

Viral RNA in lungs, Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome, They are fucked.

Question 14

Atypical Pneumonia associated with coronary artery disease

Answer 14

C. Pneumoniae, Treatment: Doxycycline

Question 15

Afebril Newborn with stacatto cough.

Answer 15

Chylamida Trachomatis. Treat with Erythromycin.

Question 16

Child with atypical pneumonia and cold autoimmune hemolytic anemia or bullous myringitis. Treatment?

Answer 16

Mycoplasma Pneumoniae, Treatment Azrithromycin, Azrithromycin, Clarithromycin

Question 17

Atypical Pneumonia in a farmer or veterinarian possibly associated with myocarditis or granulamatous hepatitis

Answer 17

CoxiellaTreatment: Doxycycline

Question 18

Gram Positive Lanced Shaped Diplococcus, Workup and Treatment.

Answer 18

Clinical Exam with consolidation, CXR, Urinary AntigenTreat with Penicillin G or Amoxicillin

Question 19

Gram Positive Cocci in Clusters with yellow sputum. Treatment?If MSSA? if MRSA?

Answer 19

S. Areus. Tmp-SMX. MSSA: Naficillin or oxacillinMRSA: Vanc.

Question 20

Grey pseduomembrane in throat, Gram Positive Rods, Complications?Treatment?

Answer 20

Diptheriae, Toxic MyocarditisErythromycin

Question 21

Gram Positive filamentous bacteria, Partially acid fast, granulamatous microabscesses

Answer 21

Nocardia, TMP-SMX

Question 22

Cough Rinorrhea, conjunctivatitis, absolute lymphocytosis followed by coughing attacks

Answer 22

Pertussus, Gram Neg Rod, Erythromycin and treat everyone in the house regardless of immunization status.

Question 23

Gram Negative Rod w/ mucoid capsule. Causes pneumonia in nursing home and alcoholics. Blood tinged sputum.

Answer 23

Klebsiella. Treat with Ceftriaxone. S. Areus still more common in alcoholics.

Question 24

Gram Negative Rod, causes Atypical pneumonia w/ hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and metabolic acidosis (Type 4 RTA)

Answer 24

Legionella, Urinary antigen, Fluoroquinalone or Azrithromycin.

Question 25

Green Sputum, Causes nosocosomal pneumonia and death in CF patients.

Answer 25

Pseudomonas, Zosyn +

Question 26

Aspiration Pneumonia, Anaerobic lung abscess treatment

Answer 26

Clindamycin.

Question 27

Piperacillin Tazobactam

Answer 27

Zosyn.

Question 28

Anti-Pseudomonal Cephalosporins

Answer 28

3rd Gen: Cefepime / Ceftazadime

Question 29

Wide angle hyphae, heorrhagic infarcts in the lungs. Affects diabetics

Answer 29

Mucor. Treat with Amphoteracin B.

Question 30

Budding Yease with narrow based buds and thick capsule. In pigeon droppings. Produces primary lung disease with caseous necrosis.

Answer 30

Cryptococcus. Treat with Fluconazol.

Question 31

Necrotizing bronciopheumoniae with narrow angle septate hyphae

Answer 31

Aspergillious, Voricanazole.

Question 32

Erythema Nodosum, Flu like symptoms, Arid desert exposure. Granulamatous inflammation with caseous necrosis in lungs.

Answer 32

Coccidioides Immitis (Valley Fever). Spherules with endospores in tissues. Treat with intraconazole

Question 33

Broad based budding yeast

Answer 33

Blastomycosis. Treat with intracolazole or amphoteracin B.

Question 34

Systemic Fungal Infection associated with cave exploratin in Ohio and central Mississippi. Yeast in Macrophages. Coin Lesions consolidations. Dystrophic Calcification in granulomas and Calcified spleen.

Answer 34

Histoplasmosis. Treat with intracolazole or amphoteracin B.