Respiratory Pharmacology Flashcards
(69 cards)
1
Q
SABA drug name ??
A
- Salbutamol
- Albuterol
- Terbutaline
299
2
Q
Role of Salmeterol/LABA in Asthma ??
A
- Long duration of action - 12hr or More
- Interacts with corticosteroids
Not recommended as the sole therapy for asthma
304
3
Q
Ultra LABA drugs name ??
A
- Bambuterol
299
3
Q
LABA drugs name ??
A
- Salmeterol
- Formeterol
299
4
Q
Advantages of Beta 2 selective agonists ?
A
- Selective action
- Rapid action
- No/Less CNS CVS effects
- Easy to use
- Topical delivery
304
5
Q
M/A of Beta 2 Agonists ???
A
- Salbutamol/Salmeterol–Bind Beta receptor
- Stimulates adenylyl cyclase
- Inc formations of Intracellular cAMP
- Relax bronchial smooth muscle
- Inhibit bronchoconstricting mediators from mast cells
304
5
Q
Bronchial asthma leading to respiratory distress ??
A
- Bronchoconstriction
- Inc bronchial secretion
304
6
Q
Toxicites of Beta 2 Agonits ??
A
- Dryness of airway
- Irritation of airway
- Oropharyngeal candiditis
304
7
Q
A/E ??
A
- Tremor
- Tachycardia
- Hyperglycemia
- Hypokalemia
- Palpitation
- Arrhythmia
305
8
Q
Why ephedrine is not in use now for Bronchial asthma ??
A
- CVS effects
- Less potent
- Duration of action more than Adrenaline
- Availability of new effacacious
305
9
Q
AntiMuscarinic drugs name ??
A
- Ipratropium Br
- TioTrropium Br
306
10
Q
Ipratropium M/A ??
A
- Block M3 receptors on bronchial smooth muscle & glands
- dec IP3 & DAG
- Repolarization of muscle
- Relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle
- Dec bronchial secretion
- Releief Bronchial asthma
306
11
Q
Clinical use of ipratropium ??
A
- Asthma as an adjunct to Beta 2 agonists
- COPD long lasting
- For bronchospasm precipitated by Beta2Agonists
306
12
Q
IV Corticosteroid drug name ??
A
- Hydrocortisone
- Dexamethasone
309
13
Q
Oral Corticosteroid drugs name ??
A
Prednisolone
309
13
Q
Inhalation Corticosteroid drugs name ??
A
- Budesonide
- Beclomethsone
- Fluticasone
- Triamcinolone
309
14
Q
First choice for B asthma ??
A
Inhaled corticosteroids
ICS
310
15
Q
Asthma association ??
A
- Airway inflammation
- Airway hyperactivity
- Acute bronchoconstriction
309
15
Q
Severe persistent asthma requirement??
A
ICS + Oral Glucocorticoids
310
16
Q
For long term control of B asthma ??
A
Fluticasone
Inhalation
+ Beta 2 agonists
310
16
Q
M/A of corticosteroids???
A
- Inhibition of the influx of inflammatory cells into the lung after allergen exposures
- Inhibition of the release of mediators from M & E
310
17
Q
Inhalation Corticosteroid»_space; Oral steroids ??
A
- Oral = severe A/E = Cushing syndrome + adrenal suppression
- Inhalation = minimal systemic absorption = few systemic effects
To avoid systemic adverse effects
310
18
Q
How to prevent oropharyngeal candiditis ??
A
Gargle water and spit after each inhaled Tx
18
Q
Risk of use of Corticosteroid inhalation ??
A
- Oropharyngeal candiditis
- Dryness of airway
- Irritation of airway
- Hoarseness of voice
- Osteoporosis
- Cataracts
- Slowing the rate of growth of children
311
19
Prevention of risk of inhaled corticosteroids??
1. Correct positioning of the inhaler
2. Deep inspiration during puffing
3. Shake well inhaler before use
| 311
20
Urgent Tx of bronchial asthma ??
1. Oral prednisone =(30-60) mg/day
2. IV methylprednisolone (1mg /kg 6 hr )
| 310
21
LT R antagonists name ??
1. ZafirLukast
2. MonteLukast
| 312
22
Which one most prescribed ?>>?
Montelukast
| 312
22
Glucocorticoids M/A ??
1. Potentiate the action of acute bronchodilators
2. Anti inflammatory action
3. Bronchodilator agents
| 310
23
Why montelukast ??
1. It can be taken without regard to meals
2. Convenience of once daily Tx
| 312
24
Advantages of montelukast ??
1. Given to children 1 yr & older
2. Chewable tablets
3. Granule formulations
| 312
25
A/E of montelukast ??
1. Liver toxicity - Zileuton
2. Zafirlukast-Warfarin interact & inc prothrombin times
3. Churg strauss syndrome
| 312
26
LT synthesis inhibitor name ?>
Zileuton
| 312
27
Montelukast M/A in BA ??
1. Prophylaxis in asthma
2. Not for immediate bronchodilation
3. Reduce the frequency of exacerbation
4. Steroid sparing agent
5. Effective in persistant asthma
6. Control symptoms during exeercise
7. Tablet form available
8. reduce inflammatory process
| 313
28
Mast cell stabilzer drug name ??
1. Cromolyn Na
2. Nedocromil Na
3. Ketotifen
| 311
29
Drugs used in NEBULIZATION ??
munni mam
| BTS AI
1. Budesonide
2. Terbutaline
3. Salbutamol
4. Acetylcysteine
5. Ipratropium
| 302
30
Amount in Windel plus ??
1. Salbutamol- 2.5mg
2. Ipratropium- 0.5mg/3ml
31
Indications of nebulization ??
1. Acute exacerbation of COPD
2. sEVERE ACUTE BA /Status asthmaticus
| 302
32
Advantages ?/
1. Rapid action
2. Less sytemic effects
3. Can use without minimum effort
| 302
33
M/A of mast cell stabilizers ??
1. Cromolyn & Nedocromil
2. Alternation in the function of delayed Cl- channel in the cell membrane in the mast cells
3. Entry of Cl-
4. Hyperpolarization of the cell
5. No mast cell activation
6. No histamine
7. No Bronchconstriction
8. Prevent of asthma
| 311
33
Parts of machine ??
1. Machinr
2. Mouthpiece
3. Mask
4. Hose
5. Medicine cup
| 302
34
Corticosteroids effects ??
1. Inhibit the release of arachodonic acid by inhibiting phospholipase A2
| Slide
34
Clinical uses of Cromolyn & Nedocromil ??
1. BA
2. Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis
| 311
## Footnote
`
35
A/E of sodium cromoglycate ??
1. Bronchospasm
2. Cough
3. Wheezing
4. Joint pain
5. Swelling
6. Rash
7. Nausea
8. Headache
9. Angioedema
10. Laryngeal edema
| 312
36
Theophylline ??
Tea leaves
| 307
37
Theobromine ??
Cocoa chocolate
| 307
38
Caffeine
C seeds
| 307
39
M/A of theophylline ??
1. inhibit phosphodiesterase PDE enzyme = inc cAMP = relax bronchial smooth muscle = bronchodilation
2. inc cAMP = reduce release of Cytokines & chemokines form inflammatory cells = dec immune cell migration and activation
| 307
39
Over dose A/E Of theophylline ??
Seizures or fatal arrhythmia
40
Indications of theophylline ??
1. Severe acute BA
2. COPD
3. Chronic asthma
4. Apnea in preterm baby
| 308
41
CNS effect of theophylline ??
1. Insomnia
2. Headache
3. Dizziness
4. Restlessness
5. Agitation
| 308
42
CVS disorder of theophylline ?
1. Tachycardia
2. Hypotension
3. Precordial pain
4. Palpitation
| 308
43
Why injected slowly ??
Aminophylline & theophylline have both chronotropic & inotrpic effetcs - so if rapid IV - sudden death -- Cardiac arrhythmia
| 309
44
Why theophylline effective bronchodilator ??
1. Releive air flow obstruction
2. Reduce the severity of symptoms
| 308
45
Salbutamol long naki short ?
short
46
long konta ?
salmeterol
47
why bronchodilator + anti-inflmmatory ?
bronchodilator - short term releiver
AntI i - long term
48
Rescue bronchodilator name ?
munni mam
ALBUTEROL
LEVAL-BUTEROL
49
long acting bronchodilators name ?
salmeterol
50
dose of montelukast >
adult - 10mg once a day
taken in the mornibng/ evening
51
role in Astham of leukotrie pathway inhibitors ?
prophylaxis of asthma
not immediate
52
steroid effect on astham
eta ke ki effect bole ?
permissive
53
which drug if oral candiditis occur by inhaled corticosteroids??
?
Anti-fungal
Fluconazole
4.37AM
8.4.2025
54
resque bronchodilators ?
short acting beta 2 agonist
55
How steroid potentiate beta agonist in asthma ?
steroid inc the no of beta-2 receptor on airway smooth muscle cells
56
why bronchodilator and corticosteroid used in combined in bronchial asthma
1. **Relieves Bronchospasm**: Bronchodilators quickly relax airway muscles.
2. **Reduces Inflammation**: Corticosteroids control chronic airway inflammation.
3. **Prevents Exacerbations**: Combination lowers asthma attack risk.
4. **Improves Lung Function**: Enhances airflow and symptom control.
5. **Simplifies Treatment**: Single inhaler improves patient adherence.
57
acute case - route of steroid ?
munni
Oral + IV
58
chronic case - route of steroid ?
munni
Inhalation
4.49
8.4.2025
59
methylxanthine name ?
munni mam
aminophylline
theo-doxo-phylline
