Respiratory - Pt 1 Into Flashcards
(46 cards)
Two convective systems at play:
- One system to bring bulk air from [] [] [] –> lungs
- One system to bring blood from [] [] –> Pulmonary capillaries
- One system to bring bulk air from outside the body –> lungs
- One system to bring blood from systemic circulation–> Pulmonary capillaries
Respiratory Zone:
- functions in [] []
- Respiratory [] have alveoli interspersed among simple [] epithelium
- functions in gas exchange
- Respiratory bronchioles have alveoli interspersed among simple cuboidal epithelium
The function of convection is as a system to [] gas exchange by [] suppling bulk-phase water/air/blood to the [] exchange barrier.
The function of convection is as a system to maximize gas exchange by continuously suppling bulk-phase water/air/blood to the gas exchange barrier.
T/F
Pulmonary ventilation is a convection system?
TRUE
T/F
External Respiration is the process of gas exchange at the level of the blood and tissue?
FALSE
That is internal respiration.
External respiration is the process of gas exchange at the level of the alveoli and blood.
- During internal respiration, blood O2 concentrations will be [] than tissue concentrations.
- During internal respiration, blood CO2 concentrations will be [] than tissue concentration.
- During internal respiration, blood O2 concentrations will be higher than tissue concentrations.
- During internal respiration, blood CO2 concentrations will be lower than tissue concentration.
- Conducting Zone
- [] gas exchange here
- [] responsible for movement of gas
- Respiratory Zone
- [] exchange occurs here
- [] responsible for movement of gas
- [] are found here (structure)
- Conducting Zone
- No gas exchange here
- Convection responsible for movement of gas
- Respiratory Zone
- Gas exchange occurs here
- Diffusion responsible for movement of gas
- Alveoli are found here (structure)
Cellular respiration is the process of the mitochondria utilizing [] as the final electron acceptor in the ETC and also [] production due to glucose/[] metabolism
Cellular respiration is the process of the mitochondria utilizing O2 as the final electron acceptor in the ETC and also CO2 production due to glucose/lipid metabolims
What are the “3 layers” of the lung from outermost to innermost?
Parietal Pleura
Pleural Cavity
Visceral Pleura
- During external respiration, capillary O2 concentrations will be [] than alveolar concentrations.
- During external respiration, Alveolar CO2 concentrations will be [] than capillary concentrations
- During external respiration, capillary O2 concentrations will be lower than alveolar concentrations.
- During external respiration, Alveolar CO2 concentrations will be lower than capillary concentrations
What are the “names” of the lobes of each side of the lung, right and left side?
- Right
- Superior Lobe of Right Lung
- Middle Lobe
- Inferior Lobe
- Left
- Superior Lobe
- Inferior Lobe
What inspiratory pulmonary muscles are contracted during pulmonary ventilation in order to achieve the necessary pressure gradient?
Mainly the diaphragm and the external inercostal muscles.
In convective flow, as velocity decreases [] is also decreased
In convective flow, as velocity decreases resistance is also decreased
T/F
Diffusion is only practical over really short distances.
TRUE
The right lung has [] lobes whilte the left lung has [] lobes
The right lung has 3 lobes whilte the left lung has 2 lobes
Why does each lung have its own associated leural cavity? Why not just have 1 big one?
- It allows one lung to continue functioning as normal if another lung is damager or pneumothoraxed.
What are the 3 layers of the respiratory membrane?
Alveolar Epithelium
Fused basement membrane
Pulmonary Capillary Endothelium
What are the 2 shunts we learned about?
Bronchiole Circulation
Pleura Shunt
Atmospheric Concentrations:
- [] % N
- [] % O2
- [] % other molecules
- 78 % N
- 21 % O2
- > 1 % other molecules
- The [] are the large airways that start at the branching of the [] and continue to branch to about the 10th division.
- After the 10th, the airways are known as [] due to their lack of [].
- The bronchi are the large airways that start at the branching of the trachea and continue to branch to about the 10th division.
- After the 10th, the airways are known as bronchioles due to their lack of cartilage.
The primary function of the respiratory system is to move O2 from [] to blood and CO2 from [] to atmosphere
Atmosphere
blood
T/F
The bronchioles are the functional unit of the lungs?
FALSE
The alveoli are the functional unit of the lungs.
The [] [] covering alveoli sacs/ducts allow for the passive recoil of the lungs.
This passive recoil is how we [].
The elastic fibers covering alveoli sacs/ducts allow for the passive recoil of the lungs.
This passive recoil is how we expire.
Three layers of the trachea:
- Mucosa: ciliated [] epithelium with [] cells
- [] : connective tissue with [] glands
- Adentitia: outermost layer made of connective tissue that encases the C-shaped rings of [].
- Mucosa: ciliated pseudostratified epithelium with goblet cells
- Submucosa: connective tissue with seromucous glands
- Adentitia: outermost layer made of connective tissue that encases the C-shaped rings of hyaline cartilage.