Respiratory responses to exercise part 3 and Altitude Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Respiratory responses to exercise part 3 and Altitude Deck (26)
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1
Q

external _______ is a limiting factor in some highly trained athletes

A

respiration

2
Q

why is external respiration a limiting factor in some highly trained athletes?

A

pulmonary system lags behind exceptional adaptations in CV and muscular systems and compromises arterial O2 saturation and O2 carrying capacity

3
Q

what is it called when the pulmonary system lags behind the exceptional CV and muscular systems?

A

exercise induced hypoxemia

4
Q

what happens with exercise induced hypoxemia

A
  • decrease in PO2 (by at least 10mmHg)

- ability to perform high intensity activity is lower

5
Q

_____% of elite endurance athletes experience exercise induced hypoxemia

A

40-50%

6
Q

True or False: Elite athletes with exercise-induced hypoxemia cannot avoid hyperventilation

A

false. they can avoid it

7
Q

causes to exercise-induced hypoxemia

A

1) inequality between ventilation and perfusion
2) limitations in O2 diffusion from RBCs with an increase in speed of blood flow due to CV system and decreased transit time of RBC and incomplete diffusion of O2
3) higher H+ ion levels

8
Q

Respiratory responses to Static exercise

A

similar to low intensity endurance exercise BUT NO 3 phase increase in Ve and rebound rise in Ve and a-vO2 difference in recovery

9
Q

Valsalva maneuver

A

happens when there is an abnormal increase in intra-thoracic pressure causing a decrease in bp due to increase in venous return and decrease in SV so decrease in Q - it is the breath holding action during static component and facilitates the strength of certain muscle groups

10
Q

females have ___ breathing frequency and ____ tidal volume than males

A

increased breathing frequency and decreased tidal volume

11
Q

true or false: females have to work harder so hyperinflation does not happen as often as in males

A

false. they have to work hard so there is more hyperinflation in females

12
Q

barometric pressure at sea level

A

760mmHg

13
Q

true or false: PO2 fraction remains constant at all barometric pressures

A

yes, it always is 21% of the air partial pressure

14
Q

true or false: at altitude PO2 decreases in air so PAO2 decreases

A

true

15
Q

a = ___?

A

arterial

16
Q

A = ____?

A

alveolar

17
Q

what causes hyperventilation?

A

decrease in PO2 and increase in Ve

18
Q

what happens to the Saturation of O2 (SaO2%) when the pressure gradient decreases?

A

SaO2 decreases

19
Q

what is the reason for plasma volume and total body water to decrease after 2 days at altitude

A

increase in hemoglobin, therefore hemoconcentration

20
Q

6 effects of altitude and acclimatization after ~2 weeks

A

1) plasma volume begins to restore (dehydration)
2) increased RBC production, hematocrit, Hb
3) decreased SV, max Q and VO2 max
4) decreased sub-max HR and Q
5) increased capillarization
6) right shift of O2 dissociation curve

21
Q

what happens to VO2 max with altitude

A

decreases

22
Q

what happens to VO2 max above 1600m and from every 1000m above

A

decreases ~11% for every additional 1000m

23
Q

where does altitude sickness occur?

A

3000m or higher, rapid ascent

24
Q

what happens with altitude sickness?

A

changes in motor skills, mood, memory, hearing, vision

- dehydration, lack of appetite, nausea, fatigue, insomnia

25
Q

asthma

A

obstructive pulmonary disease, where hyper irritability of the pulmonary airways occurs

26
Q

Exercise induced asthma

A

muscus secretion and bronchoconstriction after 5-15 min