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A & P > Respiratory system > Flashcards

Respiratory system Flashcards

1
Q

Upper Airway consists of what?

A

Nose, Sinuses, Turbinates, Pharynx, Larynx

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2
Q

What are Nares

A

The external opening of the nose

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3
Q

What is Cilia

A

(fine hairs) Moves the mucus to the back of the throat.

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4
Q

What is Turbinates

A

Change the flow of the inspired air to moisturize and warm it better. Air is inhaled here, trapping dust and microorganisms. Contain sensitive nerves that detect oder or induce sneezing.

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5
Q

What is the Pharynx

A

The throat: Carry air from the nose to the larynx or food from the mouth to the esophagus.

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6
Q

3 part to the Pharynx

A

Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, and Laryngeal Pharynx

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7
Q

Nasopharynx

A

Contains the adenoids and opening of the eustachian tubes

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8
Q

Oropharynx

A

Near the mouth, contains the tongue.

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9
Q

The Larynx is also the

A

Voice box: Coughing is facilitated here

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10
Q

Epiglottis

A

The valve flap of cartilage that covers the opening of the Larynx during swallowing, prevents food from entering the airway.

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11
Q

Glottis

A

Opening between the vocal cords in the Larynx

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12
Q

Lower respiratory airway consist of

A

Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, lungs, Alveoli

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13
Q

The trachea divides where?

A

At the Carina

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14
Q

Stimulating the carina results in what

A

Coughing and bronchospasm

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15
Q

Alveoli’s

A

small clustered sacs that begin where the bronchioles end.

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16
Q

What happens in the capillaries?

A

Exchange of oxygen and CO2

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17
Q

Respiratory System Functions

A

Gas exchange
helps regulate body temperature
Maintains acid/base balance (PH)

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18
Q

2 Nasal cavities are separated by what?

A

Septum

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19
Q

Paranasal Sinuses

A

Lighten weight of the skull
Filled with mucous to trap unwanted particles

20
Q

Our entire upper airway is lined with what?

A

Cilia

21
Q

Defense Mechanisms

A

Mucous: trap and destroy particles
Cilia: Stop Progress of Particles

22
Q

What does the body do to expel unwanted particles

A

Cough & sneeze

23
Q

Bones and Conchae

A

Provide a pathway for air to travel through the nasal cavity.
Assist with Warming/ Humidifying

24
Q

The largest cartilage on the Trachea

A

Is the Adam’s Apple or Thyroid cartilage

25
Q

Below the Adams Apple is what?

A

Cricoid Cartilage, important marker during emergencies

26
Q

What’s at the base of the Trachea

A

2 primary Bronchi aka the Carina

27
Q

What area of the cells produce cough reflex?

A

Carina

28
Q

The Bronchi travels in the lungs then what?

A

Turns into Bronchioles

29
Q

Smallest bronchioles known as the

A

Terminal Bronchioles

30
Q

Lungs separated where by what?

A

Thoracic cavity by the Mediastinum

31
Q

How many lobes are in the right lung?

A

3 Lobes

32
Q

How many lobes are in the left lung?

A

2 Lobes

33
Q

The Hilum is where the what enters

A

Bronchi

34
Q

What connects Alveoli?

A

Terminal Bronchioles

35
Q

Pleural Cavities

A

Sacs Surrounding lungs

36
Q

2 types of Alveolar Cells

A

Type 1 - Gas exchange 95%

Type 2 - Produce Surfactant 5%

37
Q

Trachea does

A

hollow tube conducting air from larynx to brochi/ lungs

38
Q

Alveoli covered by what

A

Capillaries

39
Q

High concentration of C02 diffuse where?

A

Alveolis

40
Q

High concentration of oxygen in alveoli’s where does it defuse

A

In the blood stream

41
Q

C02 turns blood

A

Blue

42
Q

C02 goes where

A

Goes to the lungs

43
Q

02 Goes where

A

Goes in the blood

44
Q

Phrenic nerve

A

Takes signal to brain when changes are detected in the CO2

45
Q

Chemoreceptors are where & do what?

A

Carotids & Aortic Arch sending signals to increase rates & depth of ventilation

A & P (6 decks)

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