Respiratory System Flashcards
(31 cards)
def: filters, moistens and warms air
nose
def: throat, passage for food and air, dust and mucus are swept back by cilia
pharynx
def: voice box, if non-gas enters the cough reflex activates
larynx
def: epiglottis covers it during swallowing, contains C-shaped ringed cartilage covered by cilia and mucus cells
trachea
two _________ enter the lungs and branch into narrower ________
bronchi, bronchioles
def: small sacs at end of bronchioles surrounded by blood-carrying capillaries, where gas exchange between the circulatory system and lungs occurs via diffusion
alveoli
what are the 4 steps of inhalation?
- diaphragm moves down (contracts)
- volume in lungs increases
- pressure inside of the lungs decreases
- air flows in
what are the 4 steps of exhalation?
- diaphragm rises (relaxes)
- volume in lungs decreases
- pressure inside the lungs increases
- air rushes out
which is more soluble in blood? CO2 or O2?
CO2
how is most CO2 in blood transported?
as bicarbonate in plasma
what converts CO2 into HCO3-?
carbonic anhydrase
def: smaller, 2 lobes
left lung
def: larger, 3 lobes
right lung
def: membranous cover with 2 layers
pleurae
def: lines lung surface
visceral pleura
def: lines inside of chest cavity
parietal pleura
def: between the 2 pleural layers
intrapleural space
def: lower border of thoracic cavity
diaphragm
def: aid in breathing
intercostal muscles
def: secrete mucous
goblet cells
def: produce new cells
basal cells
def: sweep debris trapped by mucus
cilia cells
def: occurs as water outside the fish and blood inside the fish slowly pass each other giving max diffusion of O2 into the blood and CO2 into water
countercurrent exchange
def: respiratory control centre of the brain
medulla oblongata
