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Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

Adenoidectomy

A

Excision of the adenoids

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2
Q

Alveolar duct

A

Small tube that leads from the terminal bronchiole to the respiratory bronchiole and is the point of attachment for alveoli

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3
Q

Alveolitis

A

Inflammation of the alveoli

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4
Q

Aphonia

A

Condition of the absence of one’s voice

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5
Q

Apnea

A

A temporary absence of respiration

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6
Q

Asphyxia

A

Condition caused by lack of oxygen that leads to impending or actual death

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7
Q

Aspirate

A

To withdraw fluid, tissue, or other substances from a body cavity, cyst, or tumor

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8
Q

Atelectasis

A

Failure of the lung to expand (inflate) completely

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9
Q

Autonomic

A

Involuntary or unconscious

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10
Q

Benign

A

Non-cancerous

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11
Q

Bronchiectasis

A

Dilation of the bronchi

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12
Q

Bronchitis

A

Inflammation of the bronchus

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13
Q

Bronchodilators

A

A type of drug that causes small airways in the lungs to open up

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14
Q

Bronchogenic carcinoma

A

Cancer that begins in the tissue that lines or covers the airways of the lungs, including small cell and non-small cell lung cancer

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15
Q

Bronchopneumonia

A

Inflammation of the lung, particularly the bronchioles and alveoli, that is associated with bronchitis

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16
Q

Bronchoscope

A

A thin, tube-like instrument used to examine the inside of the trachea, bronchi, and lungs

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17
Q

Bronchoscopy

A

A procedure involving a bronchoscope to examine the inside of the trachea, bronchi, and lungs

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18
Q

Bronchospasm

A

Spasmodic contraction of the smooth muscle of the bronchi

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19
Q

Carcinogen

A

Any substance that causes cancer

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20
Q

Cardiac notch

A

An indentation on the surface of the left lung

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21
Q

Carina

A

A ridge at the base of the trachea (windpipe) that separates the openings of the right and left main bronchi (the large air passages that lead from the trachea to the lungs)

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22
Q

Chronic

A

A condition that lasts a long time with periods of remission and exacerbation

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23
Q

Computerized tomography (CT)

A

A noninvasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays in order to reveal minute details about structures in the body

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24
Q

Conducting zone

A

The major functions of the conducting zone are to provide a route for incoming and outgoing air, remove debris and pathogens from the incoming air, and warm and humidify the incoming air

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25
Cyanotic
Pertaining to the abnormal color of blue (bluish color, lips and nail beds) causes by deoxygenation
26
Defensins
The lysozyme enzyme and proteins which have antibacterial properties are
27
Diaphragm
A sheet of skeletal muscle separating the thoracic and abdominal cavities that has to contract and relax for you to breathe
28
Dysphonia
Condition of difficult speaking, including hoarseness and change in pitch or quality of voice
29
Dyspnea
Difficulty breathing
30
Epiglottitis
Inflammation of the epiglottis
31
Endoscope
A thin, tube-like instrument use to look at tissues inside the body
32
Endoscopy
A procedure that uses an endoscope to examine the inside of the body
33
Epiglottis
Leaf-shaped piece of elastic cartilage that is a portion of the larynx that swings to close the trachea during swallowing
34
Epistaxis
Nosebleed
35
Erythrocytes
Red blood cells
36
Eupnea
A mode of breathing that occurs at rest and does not require the cognitive thought of the individual; also knowing as quiet breathing
37
Expiration
Exhalation, or the process of causing air to leave the lungs
38
External nose
The surface and skeletal structures that result in the outward appearance of the nose to contribute to its numerous functions
39
Fauces
The opening of the oral cavity into the pharynx
40
Fibroelastic membrane
A flexible membrane that closes the posterior surface of the trachea, connecting the C-shaped cartilages
41
Glottis
Composed of the vestibular folds, the true vocal cords, and the space between these folds
42
Hard palate
Located at the anterior region of the nasal cavity and it is composed of bone
43
Hemothorax
Hemorrhage within the pleural cavity
44
Hematologist
A doctor who has special training in diagnosing and treating blood disorders
45
Hematology
The study of blood and blood-forming issues
46
Hilum of the lung
A concave region where blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves also enter the lungs
47
Hypercapnia
Abnormally elevated blood levels of CO2 (carbon dioxide)
48
Hyperpnea
Forced breathing or breathing that is excessive
49
Hypocapnia
Abnormally low blood levels of CO2 (carbon dioxide)
50
Hypoxemia
Below-normal level of oxygen saturation of blood (typically <95 percent)
51
Hypoxia
Lack of oxygen supply to the tissues
52
Inferior
A position below or lower than another part of the body proper
53
Influenza (flu)
An acute viral infection involving the respiratory tract
54
Inspiration
Inhalation, or process of breathing air into the lungs
55
Laryngeal
Pertaining to the larynx
56
Largngitis
Inflammation of the larynx
57
Laryngopharynx
One of the three regions of the pharynx; inferior to the oropharynx and posterior to the larynx
58
Laryngoplasty
Surgical repair of the larynx
59
Laryngoscope
A thin, tube-like instrument used to examine the larynx
60
Laryngoscopy
Examination of the larynx with a mirror or laryngoscope
61
Larynx
A cartilaginous structure inferior to the laryngopharynx that connects the pharynx to the trachea and helps regulate the volume of air that enters and leaves the lungs; also known as the voice box
62
Lobectomy
Excision of the lobe(s) of an organ
63
Lymphocytes
The second most common type of leukocyte and are essential for the immune response
64
Malignant
Cancerous
65
Mucus
A thick, slippery fluid made by the membranes that line certain organs of the body
66
Nasopharyngitis
Inflammation of the nose and pharynx
67
Nasopharynx
The upper part of the throat behind the nose. An opening on each side of the nasopharynx leads into the ear
68
Nebulizer
A device used to turn liquid into a fine spray
69
Nosocomial Infection
Infection acquired in hopital
70
Oropharynx
A passageway for both air and food; borders the nasopharynx and the oral cavity
71
Oximeter
Instrument used to measure the oxygenation of tissues
72
Pharyngeal tonsil
The tonsil located at the back of the throat; also known as the adenoid when swollen
73
Pharyngitis
Inflammation of the pharynx
74
Pharynx
A tube formed by skeletal muscle and lined by mucous membrane that is continuous with that of the nasal cavities; also known as the throat
75
Pleural effusion
An abnormal collection of fluid between the thin layers of tissue (pleura) lining the lung and the wall of the chest cavity
76
Pleurisy
Inflammation of the pleura
77
Pneumoconiosis
A condition caused by the inhalation of dust
78
Pneumonectomy
Excision of the lungs
79
Pneumonia
A severe inflammation of the lungs in which the alveoli (tiny air sacs) are filled with fluid
80
Pneumothorax
An abnormal collection of air in the space between the thin layer of tissue that covers the lungs and the chest cavity that can cause all or part of the lung to collapse
81
Polysomnography (PSG)
Simultaneous and continuous monitoring of several parameters during sleep to study normal and abnormal sleep
82
Posterior
Describes the back or direction toward the back of the body
83
Pulmonary artery
Artery that arises from the pulmonary trunk
84
Pulmonary edema
Fluid accumulation in alveoli and bronchioles (related to heart failure)
85
Pulmonary embolism
A blood clot within the lung
86
Radiologist
A doctor who has special training in creating and interpreting pictures of areas inside the body
87
Radiography
A procedure that uses x-rays to take pictures of areas inside the body
88
Radiology
The use of radiation or other imaging technologies to diagnose or treat disease
89
Respiratory zone
The respiratory zone includes structures that are directly involved in gas exchange
90
Rhinitis
Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose
91
Rhinoplasty
A plastic surgical operation on the nose, either reconstructive, restorative, or cosmetic
92
Rhinorrhea
Excess nasal drainage; also called a runny nose
93
Septal cartilage
The flexible hyaline cartilage connected to the nasal bone
94
Sinusitis
Inflammation of the sinuses
95
Soft palate
Located at the posterior portion of the nasal cavity and consists of muscle tissue
96
Sonogram
A computer picture of areas inside the body created by high-energy sound waves
97
Spirometry
The measurement of volume of air inhaled or exhaled by the lung
98
Sputum
Mucus and other matter brought up from the lungs by coughing
99
Stethoscope
An instrument is used to hear sounds produced by the heart, lungs, or other parts of the body
100
Sympathetic nervous system (SNS)
The division of the nervous system involved in our fight-or-flight responses. It continuously monitors body temperature and initiates appropriate motor responses
101
Tachypnea
Rapid breathing
102
Thoracalgia
Pain in the chest
103
Thoracentesis
Removal of fluid from the pleural cavity through a needle inserted between the ribs
104
Thoracic
Pertaining to the chest
105
Thoracoscope
A thin, tube-like instrument used to examine the inside of the chest
106
Thoracoscopy
Examination of the inside of the chest, using a thoracoscope
107
Thoracotomy
An operation to open the chest
108
Tonsillectomy
Excision of the tonsils
109
Tonsillitis
Inflammation of the tonsils
110
Tracheitis
Inflammation of the trachea
111
Thracheostomy
Surgical incision of the trachea
112
Trachea
The windpipe
113
Upper respiratory infection
Infection of the nasal cavity, pharynx and larynx caused by a virus
114
Uvula
A small bulbous, teardrop-shaped structure located at the apex of the soft palate
115
Ventilator
A machine used to help a patient breathe

Medical Terminology (22 decks)

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