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respiratory system Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

A

To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment.

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2
Q

True or False: The diaphragm is a muscle that plays a crucial role in breathing.

A

True

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3
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ are the small air sacs where gas exchange occurs.

A

alveoli

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4
Q

What is the name of the structure that connects the throat (pharynx) to the lungs?

A

Larynx then trachea

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5
Q

Which part of the respiratory system is responsible for filtering and humidifying the air we breathe?

A

nasal cavity

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6
Q

What are the two main branches of the trachea called?

A

bronchi

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7
Q

True or False: The left lung has three lobes.

A

False

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8
Q

What is the primary muscle involved in inhalation?

A

diaphragm

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9
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT part of the upper respiratory tract? A) Nose B) Larynx C) Trachea D) Pharynx

A

C) Trachea

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10
Q

What is the term for the inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes?

A

bronchitis

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11
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ is the voice box located in the larynx.

A

vocal cords

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12
Q

What condition is characterized by the narrowing of the airways due to inflammation and mucus production?

A

asthma

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13
Q

True or False: The right lung is shorter than the left lung.

A

True

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14
Q

What is the main function of the alveoli?

A

To facilitate gas exchange between the air and blood.

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15
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following diseases is primarily caused by smoking? A) Asthma B) Emphysema C) Pneumonia D) Tuberculosis

A

B) Emphysema

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16
Q

What is the role of surfactant in the lungs?

A

To reduce surface tension in the alveoli, preventing collapse.

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17
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ is a tube that carries air to the lungs.

A

trachea

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18
Q

What is the primary function of the epiglottis?

A

To prevent food and liquids from entering the trachea during swallowing.

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19
Q

True or False: The respiratory system is responsible for the production of sound.

A

True

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20
Q

What is the medical term for difficulty in breathing?

A

dyspnea

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21
Q

Multiple Choice: Which condition is caused by the accumulation of fluid in the lungs? A) Pneumonia B) Bronchitis C) Asthma D) COPD

A

A) Pneumonia

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22
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ is the area of the brain that controls respiration.

A

medulla oblongata

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23
Q

What is the term for the exchange of gases between the blood and body tissues?

Study These Flashcards
A

internal respiration

24
Q

True or False: The lungs are located in the thoracic cavity.

25
What is the condition characterized by the inflammation of the lungs, often caused by infection?
pneumonia
26
Multiple Choice: Which of the following structures is NOT part of the respiratory system? A) Lungs B) Heart C) Trachea D) Bronchi
B) Heart
27
What is the primary gas that is exchanged in the alveoli?
oxygen
28
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the flap that covers the trachea during swallowing.
epiglottis
29
What is the condition known as when the air sacs in the lungs lose their elasticity?
emphysema
30
True or False: Asthma can be triggered by allergens.
True
31
What is the term for the disease characterized by chronic bronchitis and emphysema?
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
32
Multiple Choice: Which part of the respiratory system is involved in sound production? A) Alveoli B) Larynx C) Bronchi D) Diaphragm
B) Larynx
33
What is the primary effect of smoking on the respiratory system?
It damages the airways and lung tissue, leading to respiratory diseases.
34
Fill in the blank: The _______ is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs.
alveoli
35
What type of cells in the alveoli are responsible for producing surfactant?
type II alveolar cells
36
True or False: The respiratory system includes the nose, throat, and lungs.
True
37
What is the purpose of the cilia in the respiratory tract?
To trap and move particles out of the airways.
38
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a common symptom of respiratory disease? A) Headache B) Chest pain C) Nausea D) Skin rash
B) Chest pain
39
What is the term for the process of breathing out?
exhalation
40
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the main airway that branches into smaller bronchi.
trachea
41
What is the role of the mucous membranes in the respiratory system?
To moisten and protect the airways.
42
True or False: Hyperventilation leads to an increase in carbon dioxide levels in the blood.
False
43
What is the medical term for a lung infection?
pneumonia
44
Multiple Choice: Which respiratory disease is characterized by wheezing and shortness of breath? A) COPD B) Asthma C) Bronchitis D) Pneumonia
B) Asthma
45
Fill in the blank: The _______ lungs are divided into lobes.
right and left
46
What is the primary cause of lung cancer?
Smoking and exposure to carcinogens.
47
True or False: The pleura is a double-layered membrane surrounding the lungs.
True
48
What is the purpose of the respiratory system in relation to pH balance?
To regulate blood pH by controlling carbon dioxide levels.
49
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of the respiratory system? A) Gas exchange B) Sound production C) Nutrient absorption D) Regulation of blood pH
C) Nutrient absorption
50
What is the term for the small tubes that branch from the bronchi and lead to the alveoli?
bronchioles
51
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the area where the trachea splits into the bronchi.
carina
52
What is the primary role of alveolar macrophages?
To phagocytize pathogens and debris in the alveoli.
53
True or False: The respiratory rate is influenced by the levels of carbon dioxide in the blood.
True
54
What is the term for an abnormal increase in respiratory rate?
tachypnea
55
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a respiratory condition that can be caused by allergies? A) Tuberculosis B) Pneumonia C) Asthma D) Emphysema
C) Asthma
56
Fill in the blank: The _______ is the area of the throat behind the mouth and nasal cavity.
pharynx
57
What is the term for the exchange of gases in the lungs?
external respiration

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