Respiratory System

Question 1

What is ventilation?

Answer 1

Movement of air into and out of lungs

Question 2

What is external respiration?

Answer 2

Gas exchange between air in lungs and blood

Question 3

What is gas transport?

Answer 3

Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood

Question 4

What is internal respiration?

Answer 4

Gas exchange between blood and tissues

Question 5

What does the respiratory system consist of?

Answer 5

Upper and Lower tract

Question 6

What is the upper respiratory tract?

Answer 6

• Nasal
• Sinuses
• Nose
• Pharynx

Question 7

What is the lower respiratory tract?

Answer 7

• Trachea
• Larynx
• Lungs
• Alveoli
• Bronchi and bronchioles

Question 8

What does the upper respiratory tract do?

Answer 8

Filters, warms, and humidifies air

Question 9

What does the lower respiratory tract do?

Answer 9

Exchanges gases

Question 10

What does the larynx include?

Answer 10

1. Epiglottis - Flexible flap cartilage that routes the air and food appropriately
2. Vocal cords
   - Maintains an open airway

Question 11

What does the trachea do?

Answer 11

• Transport air to and from the lungs
• Known as the “windpipe”
  -Kept open by C - shaped rings of cartilage
• Cough reflex: Smooth muscle contracts

Question 12

What does the bronchi do?

Answer 12

• Right and left bronchi (trachea branches break off)
  contain: smooth muscle, cartilage

Question 13

What are lungs the organs of?

Answer 13

gas exchange

Question 14

Lungs are located in the thoactic cavity
True or False

Answer 14

True

Question 15

How many lobes in the right lung?

Answer 15

3

Question 16

How many lobes in the left lung?

Answer 16

2

Question 17

What is alveoli?

Answer 17

Tiny air-filled sacs that are clustered at the end of terminal branchioles, site of gas exchange

Question 18

What does surfactant do?

Answer 18

Secretes itself in the aveoli and reduces surface tension

Question 19

What do pulmonary capillaries do?

Answer 19

Bring blood and air into close contact

Question 20

What happens during inspiration (inhale)?

Answer 20

Diaphragm contracts, intercostal muscles contract, elevating chest wall and expanding volume of the chest

Question 21

What happens during expiration (exhale)?

Answer 21

Muscles relax, Diaphragm resumes dome shape,

Question 22

What is tidal volume?

Answer 22

Volume of air inhaled and exhaled in a single breathe

Question 23

What is inspiratory reserve volume?

Answer 23

Volume of air that can be inhaled beyond the tidal volume

Question 24

Expiratory volume is…

Answer 24

Volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled beyond the tidal volume

Question 25

What is dead space volume?

Answer 25

Volume of air that remains in the airways and does not participate in gas exchange

Question 26

What is residual volume?

Answer 26

Volume of air remaining in the lungs, even after a forceful maximal expiration

Question 27

What does hemoglobin transport?

Answer 27

Most oxygen molecules

Question 28

What is partial pressure?

Answer 28

The pressure exerted by one particular gas in a mixture of gases