Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

a&p > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

(65 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is the Respiratory System Function?

A

To supply the body with oxygen and dispose of carbon dioxide.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

4 processes of Respiration

A
  1. pulmonary ventilation (breathing) , air in and out of lungs, and gasses are constantly getting changed
  2. External Respiration, the movement of oxygen from the lungs to the blood and carbon dioxide from the blood to lung
  3. Transport of respiratory gases, o2 from lungs to tissue cells, co2 from tissue cell to lungs
  4. internal respiration, o2 from blood to tissue cell, co2 fromm tissue cell to blood.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Respiratory zone

A

actual sites of gas exchange, example - respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts and alveoli.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Respiratory passageways

A

provides conduits for air to reach gas exchange , example - nose or nostrils, nasal cavity, mouth, throat (pharynx), and voice box (larynx)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

nose

A

Provides airway for respiration,
moistens and warms air filter and cleans air, resonating chamber for speech
houses olfactory receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

vibrissae

A

nasal hair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

nasal vestibule

A

lined w skin that has sweat glands and sebaceous and hair follicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

olfactory mucosa

A

lines superior region of the nasal cavity containing smell receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

respiratory mucosa

A

Made of pseudostratified ciliated Columnar epithelium with goblet cells, mucous and serous glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

mucous cells

A

Secrete mucus
traps inspired dust, bacteria, and debris,
high water contact of mucus humidify inhaled air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

serous cells

A

secrete watery fluid made of enzymes (lysozyme)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Rhinitis

A

Inflammation of nasal mucosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How do the nasal conchae contribute to respiration?

A

They increase the surface area inside the nasal cavity, slowing down airflow to allow better air conditioning and filtration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the three types of nasal conchae, and where are they located?

A

Superior conchae (upper part, part of the ethmoid bone),
Middle conchae (middle section, also part of the ethmoid bone),
Inferior conchae (largest and lowest, a separate bone).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

meatus

A

groove inferior to each concha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

concha and meatus functions

A

filter
heat
moisten air
during exhalation reclaim heat and moisture( helps us survive in cold)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Pharynx

A

That

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Nasopharynx

A

only airway passageway, lined with ciliated psuedostratified epithelium that propels mucus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

pharyngal tonsil

A

traps and destroys pathogens entering nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

t or f soft palate and uvula move to close nasopharynx to prevent food from entering

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

tubal tonsils

A

arches over auditory tube openings to help protect the middle ear against infection that could spread from nasopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

oropharynx

A

allows both swallowed food and air to pass
transitional epithelium,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what are the 2 tonsils of the fauces

A

palatine tonsils ( lateral)
lingual tonsils ( covers base of tongue)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

laryngopharynx

A

where respiratory and digestive pathways diverge
lines with stratified squamous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
t or f food has right of way during swallowing
true
26
larynx
attaches to hyoid bone , provides patent airway voice box, switching mechanism to route air and food into proper chamber composed of hyaline cartilage
27
epiglottis
composed of elastic cartilage Guardians of airways bc its responsible for keeping food out
28
trachea
windpipe, has 3 layers- mucosa - goblet cells containing pseudostratified epithelium submucosa- connective tissue layer, contains seromucous glands adventitia- outermost layer, reinforced by c shape rings of hyaline cartilage
29
Heimlich's maneuver
Procedure in which air in lungs is used to pop out and obstructing object
30
Bronchial tree
site where conducting zone structures give way to respiratory structures
31
Conducting zone structures
right and left primary bronchi - formed by division of trachea secondary bronchi (lobar)- division after main bronchi tertiary bronchi (segmental)- divison after secound bronchi bronchioles- passeges smaller than 1mm in diameter
32
Respiratory bronchioles
Beginning of respiratory zone division, following terminal bronchioles
33
alveolar ducts
Following respiratory bronchioles, walls consist of rings of smooth muscle , connective tissue and out pocketing alveoli
34
Alveoli
Microscopic thin-walled air of lung
35
alveolar sacs
terminal clusters of alveoli
36
Respiratory membrane
An air filled barrier with gas on one side and blood flowing past the other side, composed of alveolar walls and capillary walls
37
3 features alveoli has
1. surrounded by fine elastic fibers 2. alveolar pores connect adjacent alveoli ( allows equal air pressure through lungs 3. alveolar macrophages- crawl freely along internal alveolar surfaces
38
type 1 cells
walls of alveoli composed of single layer of squamous epithelial cells
39
type 2 cells (cuboidal)
secrete fluid containing surfactant that coats the gas exposed alveolar surface
40
atelectasis
lung collapse, when air enters the pleural cavity through a chest or from rupture
41
pneumothorax
presence of air in a intrapleural space
42
During quiet inspiration
the inspiratory muscles contract ( external intercostals) , rib cage rises, the diaphragm descends thoracic cavity vol. increases lungs are streached and intrapulmonary vol incresases intrapulmonary pressure drops
43
forced inspirations
thoracic vol activity increased by activity of accessory muscle
44
expiration
passive processes that depend on lungs, elasticity more than muscular action thoracic vol decreases intrapulmonary pressure increases
45
forced expiration
active process produced by contractions of abdominal wall muscles Oblique muscles of abdomen
46
Airway resistance
major non elastic source of resistance to gas flow is friction or drag
47
Airway resistance is insignificant due to
Airway diameter in the conducting zone are big wide gas flows stops at bronchioles and diffiusion takes over
48
cough
A forceful expulsion of air to clear the airways.
49
sneeze
A sudden burst of air to remove irritants from the nose.
50
crying
Shedding tears, often with vocal sounds, due to emotions or irritation.
51
laughing
Rhythmic vocal sounds expressing amusement.
52
Hiccups
Involuntary diaphragm spasms causing sudden breaths.
53
Yawn
A deep inhalation, usually due to tiredness or boredom
54
spirometer
measuring device to meausre lung vol
55
tv
Amount of air, moving into an out of lungs with each breath during normal quiet breathing
56
irv
The amount of air that can be forcibly inspire beyond TV
57
ERV
Amount of the air that can be forced out of lungs after TV
58
RV
Amount of air that remains in lungs after strenous exericse , helps lungs not collapse
59
IC
Total volume of air that can be inspired after tidal expiration
60
FRC
The amount of air remaining in lungs after a tidal expiration
61
VC
total amount of exchangable air
62
TLC
sum of all vols
63
hypoxia
not enough o2 delievery to body tissues
64
cortical controls
holding you breath
65

a&p (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions