Respiratory System

Question 1

What should you be able to describe after studying this chapter?

Answer 1

The basic anatomy and physiology of the respiratory system

This includes understanding the structure and function of the respiratory organs.

Question 2

What are the protective mechanisms of the respiratory system?

Answer 2

Cough reflex, mucociliary clearance, and alveolar macrophages

These mechanisms help prevent infections and clear debris from the airways.

Question 3

What are the fundamental principles of treatment of the respiratory system?

Answer 3

Management of symptoms, restoration of normal function, and prevention of complications

Treatment approaches may vary depending on the specific respiratory condition.

Question 4

What are the differences between the actions of expectorants, antitussives, and mucolytics?

Answer 4

Expectorants promote mucus clearance, antitussives suppress cough, mucolytics thin mucus

These medications serve different purposes in managing respiratory symptoms.

Question 5

What is the action of bronchodilators?

Answer 5

They relax bronchial smooth muscle, leading to airway dilation

This helps improve airflow in conditions like asthma and COPD.

Question 6

How are antihistamines and decongestants used in respiratory disease?

Answer 6

Antihistamines reduce allergy symptoms, decongestants relieve nasal congestion

Both can be helpful in managing symptoms of allergic rhinitis and sinusitis.

Question 7

What are potential uses for respiratory stimulants?

Answer 7

To increase respiratory rate or depth in cases of respiratory depression

They may be used in clinical settings to support breathing.

Question 8

What are the advantages of inhalant therapy?

Answer 8

Rapid onset of action, localized treatment, reduced systemic side effects

Inhalation allows for direct delivery to the lungs.

Question 9

What are the disadvantages of inhalant therapy?

Answer 9

Requires proper technique, may cause irritation, limited to certain medications

Effective delivery depends on patient cooperation and device use.

Question 10

Define aerosolization.

Answer 10

The process of converting a liquid into a fine mist or aerosol

This is often used in the delivery of respiratory medications.

Question 11

What is an antitussive?

Answer 11

A medication that suppresses the cough reflex

Antitussives are often used to relieve dry coughs.