Respiratory System

Question 0

Draw out a diagram and label the organs..

Answer 0

Nasal cavity
Trachea
Rib
Intercostal muscles  
Bronchus
Bronchioles
Lungs
Alveolus 
Diaphragm
Heart

Question 1

What are the two functions of the respiratory system?

Answer 1

1. Get oxygen into the blood

2. Remove carbon dioxide from the blood

Question 2

What is inspiration?

Answer 2

Breathing in

Question 3

What is Expiration?

Answer 3

Breathing out

Question 4

What happens first during Inspiration?

Answer 4

1. INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES contract and the RIB CAGE moves up and out

Question 5

What is the 2nd stage of Inspiration?

Answer 5

2. Diaphragm CONTRACTS, moves DOWN and FLATTENS

Question 6

What is the 3rd stage of Inspiration?

Answer 6

3. VOLUME of THORAX increases (thoracic volume)

Question 7

What is the step after the thorax volume increases (inspiration)?

Answer 7

4. PRESSURE inside the thorax DECREASES

Question 8

What is the last stage of inspiration?

Answer 8

5. LUNGS inflate and draw air into the LUNGS

Question 9

What is the first stage of Expiration?

Answer 9

1. Intercostal muscles RELAX, rib cage moves DOWN and IN

Question 10

What happens in the second stage of Expiration?

Answer 10

2. Diaphragm RELAXES and moves UP

Question 11

What happens in Expiration after the diaphragm moves up?

Answer 11

3. Volume of thorax DECREASES

Question 12

When doing Expiration what happens after the thorax volume has decreased?

Answer 12

4. Pressure inside thorax DECREASES

Question 13

What is the last thing that happens in Expiration?

Answer 13

5. Air is pushed OUT of the lungs

Question 14

List the things used to model the Respiratory System..

Answer 14

Glass tube through cork
Balloon
Bell jar
Rubber sheet

Question 15

What does the bell jar represent in Respiratory system?

HOW?

Differences?

Answer 15

Ribcage

Approx the same shape

No muscles attached to ribs so it’s rigid, cannot move up & down/ in & out

Question 16

What does the balloon represent in the Respiratory System model?

HOW?

Differences..

Answer 16

Lung

Inflates and deflates

Single bag (not series of tubes/terminal alveoli
Balloon does not fill space/stick to Ribcage

Question 17

What does the rubber sheet represent in the Respiratory System model?

HOW?

Differences…

Answer 17

Diaphragm

Domed up position matches when air exhaled

Pulls down further than flat
Has to be pushed in/out by us

Question 18

What does the tube into balloon represent in the Respiratory System model?

HOW?

Differences…

Answer 18

Trachea

Windpipe is wide tube conducting air into lungs

Not held open by horseshoe shaped stiffening rings

Question 19

What are Alveoli?

Answer 19

Respiratory Surface of the lungs

Question 20

What are the alveoli full of?

What are the alveoli covered in?

Answer 20

Air

Covered on the outside by blood capillaries

Question 21

Where does oxygen diffuse?

Answer 21

Across the walls of the alveoli from the air into the blood

Question 22

Where does Carbon dioxide diffuse?

Answer 22

Across the walls of the alveoli from the blood into the air in the alveoli

Question 23

Why has the alveoli adapted to have good blood supply?

Answer 23

So more gases can be exchanged

Question 24

Why does the alveoli adapt to have a large surface area for gaseous exchange?

Answer 24

Increases gaseous exchange

Question 25

Why has the alveoli adapted to gaseous exchange by having thin walls?

Answer 25

Gases can pass through by DIFFUSION much easier

Question 26

Why has alveoli adapted to gaseous exchange by having a moist lining?

Answer 26

To DISSOLVE oxygen so that it can DIFFUSE through the alveolus wall

Question 27

What lines the walls of your lungs?

Answer 27

Cilia

Question 28

What is cilia?

Answer 28

Air you breathe contains dust/bacteria/viruses. Alveoli is delicate so cilia cleans air before it reaches them Cilia moves the mucus out of the lungs and into the back of your throat by doing a wave motion with the small hairs You swallow the mucus and acid in the stomach destroys any bacteria