Respiratory System Flashcards
(31 cards)
What is the function of the respiratory system
To supply the blood with oxygen in order for the blood to deliver oxygen to all parts of the body and to exhale carbon dioxide
Nares
Nostrils
External openings to the airways
Nasal passage
Channel of air flow through the nose
Pharynx
Goes from base of skull to esophagus
3 parts
Nasopharynx
Opening into the back of the nasochambers
Oropharynx
Opening into the back of the mouth
Laryngopharynx
Opening into the larynx/esophagus
Larynx
Voice box
Located below pharynx and before the trachea
Serves as passageway for air
Prevents food/water from going into airway via epiglottis
Contains vocal cords for sounds
When air moves over cords & muscles contract to move cords
Regulates airflow to lungs
Epiglottis
Lid like structure
Prevents food and water from going into airway while swallowing
Trachea
Windpipe
Stretches from larynx to bronchi
Rigid tube to prevent collapse during breathing
Also traps debris, can cough out (protect lungs)
Bronchi
Enters lungs on either side - they are small airways
Primary bronchi turn into secondary bronchi which are smaller
Connected to trachea
Also rigid and trap debris
Bronchioles
Formed after bronchi and they keep forming into smaller bronchioles
Alveoli
Allow for gaseous exchange
Pleura
Serous membranes containing lungs, lining thoracic cavity
Thoracic Cavity
Lined with serous membrane Allows lubrication during respiration Right/Left pleural cavity Mediastinum is between pleural cavities Surrounded by bones Separated from abdomen by diaphragm
Mediastinum
Bronchi Trachea Heart Thymus Esophagus Nerves Arteries Veins
Diaphragm
Separates abdominal and thoracic cavity
Chief muscle of respiration
Inspiration- diaphragm contracts, flattens, lowers which increases capacity of thoracic cavity
Expiration- relaxes and returns to original state
What happens in a cycle of respiration?
Blood picks up oxygen from lungs (inspiration-inhalation) and gets rid of excess carbon dioxide (expiration-exhalation)
What are the 2 best ways to examine the respiratory system?
Auscultation- Using a stethoscope to listen to the sound of the lungs
Radiography - Taking an X-Ray
Where does an endotracheal tube sit?
Oral cavity into pharynx through larynx into trachea
Endoscopy
Device used to look inside the body
Laryngoscope
A device used to examine the larynx
Intubation
Placement of a flexible plastic tube into the trachea to maintain an open airway or to serve as a conduit to administer certain drugs.
What is the chief muscle of respiration
The diaphragm
