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Patho for PN > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

Inflammation of the pharynx (throat) is called ________.

A

Pharyngitis

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2
Q

6 S/S of pharyngitis?

A
  • dry cough
  • dysphagia
  • fever (chills, headache, malaise)
  • enlarged cervical lymph nodes
  • exudate
  • erythema/edema
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3
Q

Dx for pharyngitis?

A

throat culture

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4
Q

5 Tx for pharyngitis?

A
  • Saltwater gargles
  • antibiotics (penicillin)
  • Tylenol
  • lozenges
  • increase fluids & rest
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5
Q

5 Nsg Care Interventions?

A
  • I & O
  • encourage fluids
  • oral care
  • vaporizer
  • assess hydration status
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6
Q

The 2 most common sinuses affected with sinusitis are the _________ & ________.

A
  • maxillary

- ethmoid

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7
Q

5 causes of sinusitis?

A
  • viral/bacterial/fungal
  • pneumonia
  • influenza
  • allergies (spring/fall)
  • NG tube
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8
Q

Ethmoid S/S of sinusitis?

A

pain between & behind eyes

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9
Q

Maxillary S/S of sinusitis?

A

pain over cheek & upper teeth

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10
Q

Frontal S/S of sinusitis?

A

forehead pain

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11
Q

5 S/S of sinusitis?

A
  • purulent nasal drainage
  • fever (chills/headache/malaise)
  • eyelid edema
  • anorexia & nausea
  • foul breath
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12
Q

Dx for sinusitis?

A
  • transillumination ( dark sinuses = infected)
  • CXR
  • CT
  • MRI
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13
Q

5 Tx for Sinusitis? (medications)

A
  • antibiotics
  • acetaminophen (fever/pain)
  • nasal coricosteroids
  • saline nasal irrigation
  • expectorants/humidifier
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14
Q

6 Nsg Care Interventions for Sinusitis?

A
  • Pt education
  • steam inhalation
  • hot moist packs
  • neti pot
  • fluids
  • semi-fowlers
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15
Q

6 S/S of tonsillitis?

A
  • sore throat
  • pain with swallowing
  • fever
  • lymphadenopathy
  • anorexia
  • myalgia (muscle pain)
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16
Q

2 Dx for tonsillitis?

A
  • Throat Culture

- CBC re WBC

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17
Q

4 Medical Tx for tonsillits?

A
  • antibiotics
  • lozenges
  • tylenol
  • warm saline
18
Q

Surgical Tx for tonsillitis?

A

tonsillectomy

19
Q

8 Nsg Care Interventions re Tonsillectomy surgery?

A
  • V/S
  • semi-fowlers
  • assess bleeding
  • oral care (suction)
  • clear liquids THEN soft diet
  • hydration status
  • monitor re dark brown emesis
  • NO straws, heat, crushed ice, red drinks
20
Q

3 causes of Laryngitis?

A
  • infection
  • irritation (smoking/alcohol/chemicals)
  • excessive voice use
21
Q

4 S/S of Laryngitis?

A
  • dysphagia
  • hoarse voice
  • fever
  • cough
22
Q

2 Dx for Laryngitis?

A
  • laryngeal mirror

- laryngoscopy

23
Q

6 Tx for Laryngitis?

A
  • rest voice
  • lozenges
  • Tylenol
  • fluids
  • antibiotics
  • humidifier
24
Q

2 Nsg Care Interventions for Laryngitis?

A
  • communication

- smoking cessation

25
_______________ is a chronic AIRBORNE infection diesease caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis.
Tuberculosis (TB)
26
TB causes inflammatory infiltrations, necrosis, abscesses, _______, & ____________.
- fibrosis | - calcification
27
6 S/S of TB?
- chronic productive cough - chest pain - fever w/ recurring chills - wt loss (anorexia) - Hemoptysis** - Night sweats**
28
4 Dx for TB?
- Mantoux Test (PPD) - CXR ( if positive) - QFT-G (blood test) - sputum AFB
29
2 Medical Tx for TB?
- MDR-TB - XDR-TB taken orally for 6 months-2 years
30
6 Nsg Care Interventions for TB?
- airborne isolation - respiratory assessment - teach RE meds/disease - rest & nutrition - vaccine (BCG) * * Rifampin turns urine RED **
31
6 causes of Pleurisy?
- bacterial/viral - pneumonia - pulmonary infarctions - trauma (chest, ribs, intercostal muscles) - early stage of TB - lung tumor
32
2 S/S of Pleurisy?
- fever | - angina w/ inspiration
33
2 Dx for Pleurisy?
- Pleural Friction Rub | - CXR if present
34
5 Tx for Pleurisy? (meds)
- antibiotics - antipyretics - anti-inflammatories - pain meds - O2 prn
35
Nsg Care Interventions for Pleurisy?
- position (bad lung DOWN = better airway) | - heat to area
36
4 types of Pleural Effusion?
- hydrothorax (serous fluid) - hemothorax (blood) - chylothorax (lymph fluid) - pyothorax (pus; pleural empyema)
37
3 S/S of Pleural Effusion?
- dyspnea - anxiety - fever
38
Dx for Pleural Effusion?
CXR
39
Surgical Tx for Pleural Effusion?
thoracentesis (drains fluid/air from space between lungs & wall of chest)
40
6 Nsg Care for Pleural Effusion?
- bedrest - DB & C - O2 prn - Nebulizer (ordered) - meds (pain, bronchodilators, antibiotics) - Monitor Drsg site/chest tube

Patho for PN (5 decks)

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