Respiratory System Flashcards
(39 cards)
Ventilation
Movement of air or water across the Respiratory Surface
3 Respiratory surfaces in vertebrates
Lungs, Gills, and Skin
How do O2 and CO2 Interact with the respiratory surface?
O2 Enters the blood across the respiratory surface -> CO2 leaves the blood across the respiratory surface
What does a buildup of CO2 do to an animal’s body?
Build up of CO2 can increase ACIDITY in an animal’s body
Conducting zone
Airways
Respiratory Zone
Site of gas exchange
Upper Respiratory Tract (where to where)
From the nasal and oral cavity to the Larynx
What does the Lower Respiratory tract include
Trachea, smaller airways, and lungs
What leads from the external environment into the nasal cavity
External Nares/ nostrils
What leads from the nasal cavity to the pharynx
Internal Nares
What is the nasal Conchae
Turbinate bones in the nasal cavity
What is the purpose of the Chonchae (in the nasal cavity)
Conchae in the nasal cavity increases the area covered by the respiratory epithelium
Conservation of Heat
When air is warmed as it enters the body and progresses to the lungs. Air is then cooled when exiting the body
Conservation of Water
Air is humidified when it enters the body and gets dehumidified when exiting the body
Mucus in the Respiratory tract
Mucus in airways filters particles (debris).
Cilia in respiratory epithelium Function
Moves mucus in airways towards the pharynx to be digested
Paranasal sinuses
Increase the area covered by the respiratory epithelium; opens into the nasal cavity
Soft palate
Not supported by bones; prevents food from entering the nasal cavity when swallowing
Hard Palate
(Secondary Palate) The roof of the mouth that is supported by bone
Palate functions
Forms roof of the oral cavity and floor of the nasal cavity
Ulva Function
prevents food from entering the nasal cavity when swallowing (works with the soft palate)
Paranasal Sinuses
Location: Frontal, Ethmoid, Sphenoid, and maxilla -> opens into nasal cavity
Function: Increase surface area for modification of air
Tonsils
Lymphatic structures involved in fighting infections
How many different cartilages in the larynx
9
