respiratory system- LO2 Flashcards
(23 cards)
what is diffusion?
the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
what are 3 main structures of alveoli?
- walls are moist for gas exchange
- large surface area for more gas exchange
- thin layerss of cells form the wall for a short diffusion distance
what happens during inspiration?
- rib cage moves up and out
- diaphragm contracts and moves down.
- pressure in lungs decreases and air is pulled in
what happens during expiration?
- rib cage moves down and in
- diaphragm relaxes and moves up
- pressure in lungs increases and air is pushed out
what is the process of gaseous exchange?
1.) high conc of o2 in the alveoli diffuses across semi permeable membrane to the capillaries (low conc of o2).
2.) then travels to the rest of the body and working muscles.
3.) high conc of co2 in the capillaries will diffuse into alveoli (low conc of co2)
4.) co2 is then exhaled through the respiratory system.
what is the function of the epiglottis?
Allows air to pass into the larynx and lungs
it also prevents food and drinks from falling down the airway
what is the function of the larynx?
to protect the lower respiratory system from aspirating food into the trachea while breathing
it is also your vocal/voice box
what is the function of the trachea?
carries air in and out of your lungs
what is the function of the oesophagus?
allows for the passage of materials from the mouth and throat to the stomach
what is the function of the bronchi?
carries air to and from your lungs and it helps moisturise and filter the air you breathe in
what is the function of the bronchioles?
delivers air to a diffuse network of around 300 million alveoli in the lungs
what is the function of the alveoli?
pciks up oxygen you breathe in and releases the carbon dioxide you exhale
what is the funtion of the intercostal muscles?
helps form and move the chest wall
it also helps expand and shrink the size of your chest cavity when your breathing
what is the function of the diaphragm?
it contracts continually as you breathe in and out
what is the function of the pleural membrane?
it provides mechanical protection and a smooth, lubricating elastic surface for the lungs to move during breathing
what is aerobic respiration?
respiration that takes place with oxygen present. it is the release of a relatively large amount of energy in cells by the breakdown of food substances in the presence of oxygen.
what is the equation for aerobic respiration?
glucose + oxygen= energy + carbon dioxide + water
how many ATP molecules are produced in aerobic respiration?
32
what are examples of when aerobic respiration is used?
- long distance running
- rowing
- swimming
what is anaerobic respiration?
it is when not enough oxygen can reach your muscle cells, during hard exercise but it is not needed.
it produces less energy than aerobic.
lactic acid builds up in the muscles causing pain and tiredness leading to cramps.
how many ATPs are produced during anaerobic respiration?
2
what is the equation for anaerobic respiration?
glucose = energy + lactic acid
what are examples of where anaerobic respiration is used?
- short distance sprints
- weight lifting
