Respiratory System: Regulation of Respiration

Question 1

What 5 factors can shift the O2 hgb curve to the right and what does this do to the affinity b/w O2 and Hgb:

Answer 1

increased Co2
Acidity increase
Increased blood temperature
Exercise
increased BPG

Question 2

T or F: Respiration can be manipulated autonomically and also stimulated voluntarily:

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The peripheral chemoreceptors system responds primarily to changes in blood O2 (as opposed to changes in CO2) Describe how this occurs and why it results in an indirect effect on respiratory drive:

Answer 3

• O2 does not directly affect the brain, it has more to do with the blood of carotid bodies and

Question 4

Explain the following illustration as it relates to the neural control of respiration (autonomic and Somatic control):

Answer 4

• autonomic = chemoreceptors in aorta and send signals through vagus nerve and glossopharyngeal nerve, they go to the DRG to signal brain to start breathing, the PRG has an inhibitory affect on

Question 5

Describe what occurs during respiration control when neurons in the dorsal respiratory group fire. Is this active or passive process?

Answer 5

Active

Question 6

How much pO2 is sufficient for cellular reactions in the tissue cells and why is this important?

Answer 6

1-3

Question 7

Why is it important that diffusion of O2 from the alveoli to the pulmonary capillaries occurs in the first third of the capillary?

Answer 7

when we exercise, we increase BF and blood volume

FINISH

Question 8

Describe the 4 routes that CO2 is transported from the tissues to the blood stream so that it can be transported to the lungs for exhalation:

Answer 8

• dissolved in plasma
• directly combine with Hgb
• transfers into in the RBC

Question 9

A person who has sustained trauma to the brainstem, specifically the medulla and pons is now clinically presenting with apneusitic breathing. What is the probable prognosis?

Answer 9

DEAD

Question 10

These three cranial nerves are involved in regulation of respiration:

Answer 10

7: Facial
9: Glossopharyngeal
10: Vagus

Question 11

Describe how CO2 is more effective in stimulating the chemosensitive area in the medulla to drive increased respiration as compared to hydrogen ions:

Answer 11

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Question 12

Which respiratory neuron group serves as an overdrive mechanism when there is an increased need for ventilation?

Answer 12

the ventral respiratory group located in the medulla. Normally these are inactive during normal quiet breathing.

Question 13

Describe the Hering Breuer reflex:

Answer 13

• pick up stretch and send signals to DRG

- prevent over inflation in lungs

Question 14

Describe the Hering Breuer reflex:

Answer 14

• pick up stretch and send signals to DRG

- prevent over inflation in lungs