Respiratory Tract - Virus

Question 1

Antivirales contra influenza A solamente

Answer 1

Amantadina y rimantadina.

Question 2

A person with influenza infection is more susceptible to…

Answer 2

Bacterial superinfections (more adherability) and pneumonia

Question 3

Immune substances that promote antiviral activity agains influenza.

Answer 3

Interferon a and 𝝀

Question 4

Systemic influenza symptoms are caused by _________, whereas local symptoms result from_________.

Answer 4

Systemic: interferon and cytokines
Local: epithelial cell damage

Question 5

Type of influenza virus more predominant in humans, does not undergo antigenic shift.

Answer 5

Influenza B

Question 6

Only influenza virus that undergoes genetic reassortment, often associated with pandemics, zoonotic.

Answer 6

Influenza A

Question 7

Glycoproteins exchanged in influenza A virus that generate a new strand.

Answer 7

HA glycoproteins

Question 8

Respiratory virus that causes intercelular fussion (sincitium and multinuclated giant cell)

Answer 8

Parainfluenza

Question 9

Suprasternal retraction after a 2-6 days incubation period is a sign of:

Answer 9

Parainfluenza

Question 10

Cells in which parainfluenza virus can be cultivated

Answer 10

Monkey’s primary renal cells

Question 11

Most common cause of acute and deadly infection of the respiratory tract in infants and toddlers.

Answer 11

SRV

Question 12

Virus that infects practically everyone under 2 y/o, with lifelong reinfections.

Answer 12

SRV

Question 13

This virus causes obstruction of brochi and broncheoli due to mucous, fibrin and necrotic material tampons.

Answer 13

SRV

Question 14

Most common season of SRV infections

Answer 14

Winter

Question 15

Difference between SRV and influenza epidemics.

Answer 15

SRV epidemics are always annually

Question 16

Manifestation of SRV infection in infants and toddlers.

Answer 16

Bronchiolitis

Question 17

Lung sounds in SRV infection

Answer 17

Expiratory ronchi

Question 18

Immunologic substances that cause runny nose in rinovirus infections.

Answer 18

Bradykinin and histamine

Question 19

Time lapse in which rinovirus immunity is lost

Answer 19

18 months

Question 20

Ideal temperature and pH for rinovirus growth

Answer 20

33°C, basic pH (susceptible to acidic environments)

Question 21

T/F. Rinovirus infection produces fever.

Answer 21

False

Question 22

Etiology of the common cold

Answer 22

Rinovirus

Question 23

Respiratory virus that causes a Pertussis-like syndrome and pneumonia

Answer 23

Adenovirus

Question 24

Types of infection of the adenovirus

Answer 24

Lytic, latent and transforming

Question 25

Main risk in an adenovirus infection in immunocompromised population.

Answer 25

Viremia

Question 26

Transmission path of adenovirus

Answer 26

Aerosols, fecal-oral, and fomites. Low chlorine level swimming pools.

Question 27

Non-seasonal respiratory virus with a higher risk population of <14 y/o

Answer 27

Adenovirus

Question 28

Types of clinical manifestations of the adenovirus.

Answer 28

Asymptomatic Pharyngoconjunctival fever Acute respiratory infection

Question 29

Fever, pharyngitis, acute conjunctivitis and preauricular lymphoid hyperplasia suggest.

Answer 29

Pharyngoconjuntival fever

Question 30

An adenovirus positive test is confirmed once...

Answer 30

Laboratories have ruled out other causes for pharyngitis.

Question 31

Serotypes covered in the oral vaccine for adenovirus

Answer 31

4 & 7

Question 32

Second most frequent cause of common cold

Answer 32

Coronaviruses

Question 33

Tropism of coronaviruses due to ideal temperature for replication

Answer 33

Superior respiratory tract (33-35°C)

Question 34

Respiratory virus that frequently exacerbates other respiratory diseases, may cause pneumonia.

Answer 34

Coronavirus

Question 35

Etiology of SARS

Answer 35

Coronavirus

Question 36

Pneumonia, >38°C fever, dispnea, myalgia, diarrhea.

Answer 36

SARS

Question 37

Pathogens that cause common cold

Answer 37

Coronavirus, rhinovirus, RSV

Question 38

Syndrome cause by EBV

Answer 38

Mononucleosis

Answer 39

VIH, EBV, citomegaolovirus

Question 40

Antivirals indicated in influenza

Answer 40

Oseltaminir and Zanamivir

Question 41

Protein to which anitiinfluenzal drugs join

Answer 41

Neuroaminidase

Question 42

Times children have respiratory viral infection during a year

Answer 42

5-6 times per year

Question 43

Most frequent virus infecting children under two years of age

Answer 43

RSV

Question 44

Immunological defense in lower respiratoy tract

Answer 44

IgA and macrophages

Question 45

Most common respiratory tract infection

Answer 45

Innhalation

Question 46

Moleule size for airborne transmission

Answer 46

<5 um

Question 47

Influeza season time period

Answer 47

40 epidemiologic week to 20th week of next year

Question 48

Influenza virus protein that favors adherance

Answer 48

Hemagglutinin (HA)

Question 49

Enzime that helps influenza virus release virus

Answer 49

Nauraminidase (NA)

Question 50

Minuo genetic influenza virus mutation that causes local epidemics

Answer 50

Drift

Question 51

Major genetic influenza virus mutation that causes pandemics

Answer 51

Shift

Question 52

Type of onset on influenza clinical manifestations, differentiating it from common cold.

Answer 52

Acute onset

Question 53

Most important proinflamatory cytokine in influenza (non specific)

Answer 53

IL-6

Question 54

Gold standard diagnostic test for influenza

Answer 54

PCR

Question 55

Time lapse to provide antiviral treatment for influenza

Answer 55

First 48 hrs since symptom onset

Question 56

Only 2 upper tract respiratory virus with specific treatment

Answer 56

COVID and influenza *Immunocompromised for adenovirs *SRV in some cases

Question 57

Sensitivity for influenza Ag test

Answer 57

50-60%

Question 58

Mechanism of action of influenza antivirals

Answer 58

Neuroaminidase inhibitors (Mexico: zanamivir)

Question 59

Bacteria that cause secondary pneumonia after influenza

Answer 59

S. aureus and S. pneumoniae

Question 60

Strain of parainfluenza virus that causes the most outbreaks

Answer 60

1

Question 61

Long term effect of parainfluenza

Answer 61

Long term cough

Question 62

Only antiviral for adenovirs

Answer 62

Cidofovir

Question 63

Patient requirement for administration of adenovirus antivirals

Answer 63

Target organ afection or immunocompromised

Question 64

Protein to which coronavirus spike protein join

Answer 64

ACE type 2

Question 65

Diagnostic test for multiple respiratory infection pathogens

Answer 65

Respiratory PCR panel