Restless Earth

Question 1

What is the definition of a natural process

Answer 1

An event which happens on the earth’s surface due to a range of factors, e.g. gravity, temperature

Question 2

Name 3 ways in which earthquakes are measured

Answer 2

Mercalli scale
Richter scale
Moment Magnitude scale

Question 3

What does the mercalli scale measure
How does it work

Answer 3

It measures the intensity of the earthquake’s affects, based on the destruction caused. It is shown in Roman numerals

Question 4

What does the Richter scale measure? How does it work

Answer 4

It measures the strength of the earthquake from how much vibration is caused on the ground from the seismic waves
It is measured using a seismometer that vibrates
It is logarithmic

Question 5

What is the Moment Magnitude scale

Answer 5

It measures the amount of movement at the fault line of the earthquake
Similar to Richter but more accurate at higher magnitudes (4+)
Logarithmic

Question 6

What can affect the destruction of an earthquake

Answer 6

Location of the focus
Level of development
Magnitude of the earthquake
Population density
Time of day

Question 7

How are some earthquakes predicted

Answer 7

Historical data->seismic gap theory
Radon Levels-> gas released from cracks in the earth
Water levels-> sometimes can drop
Animal behaviour-> can change, leave burrows
Warnings -> tremors could be detected

Question 8

How are people protected during earthquakes

Answer 8

Education -> FEMA give out info
Supplies -> in some cities, there are supply boxes and survival kit lists issued
Informing people -> people will cycle around and sound sirens
Drill practice -> 1st Dec in Japan

Question 9

Name the three types of volcano activity

Answer 9

Dormant, active, extinct

Question 10

Name the 2 types of volcano and their features

Answer 10

Composite - steep
Shield - flat

Question 11

Name 5 secondary volcanic hazards

Answer 11

Pyroclastic flow- ash, gas and debris
Lava- molten rock
Ash and tephra- rock and ash fragments
Mudslides-