Restorative And Esthetic Dental Materials

Question 1

Standardization of dental materials

Answer 1

Not hurt the body or be poisonous to the body.

Not hurt tissues or cause oral cavity tissues to become inflamed.

Help protect teeth and oral tissues.

Be similar in appearance to natural tooth structure.

Be easy to apply in the mouth.

Conform to function.

Question 2

Tinsel stress

Answer 2

Material is pulled an expanded

Question 3

Compressive stress

Answer 3

Material is pushed into self

Question 4

Sheer stress

Answer 4

Material is broken down

Question 5

Force

Answer 5

Strength or power exerted onto a material

Question 6

Stress

Answer 6

Refers to the manner in which the material responds internally to force

Question 7

Strain

Answer 7

Refers to the ultimate way in which materials change because of stress

Question 8

What can temperature change cause in dental materials?

Answer 8

Microleakage

Restoration failure

Question 9

Galvanic action

Answer 9

Refers to an electrical current that’s stems from two different metals being present in the oral cavity at the same time

Question 10

What causes galvanic action to occur?

Answer 10

Saliva.

Two metallic components of different composition.

Question 11

Flow

Answer 11

The dental material must be adaptable enough so that I can place as a restoration

Question 12

Adhesion

Answer 12

Different materials message here to each other.

Question 13

Wetting

Answer 13

The material must be able to flow over the surface. Consideration and wetting is whether to materials are Hydro folic/water loving or hydrophobic/water hating. A hydrophilic surface would not be wet well by a hydrophobic liquid.

Question 14

Viscosity

Answer 14

This property causes the material to not be able to flow easily. The higher the viscosity, the less easily it will flow and the less it will wet the surface.

Question 15

Surface characteristics

Answer 15

A liquid has an increase flow rate on a rough surface compared with that of a smooth surface.

Question 16

Film thickness

Answer 16

The thinner the thickness of the film, the stronger the adhesive interface.

Question 17

Retention

Answer 17

Means that to materials are being held together without the use of an adhesive material.

Question 18

Auto curing

Answer 18

When a chemical reaction occurs within material resulting in hardening of material

Question 19

Light curing

Answer 19

When hardening of material result only when curing light is applied to material

Question 20

Restorative dentistry

Answer 20

Field of dentistry that focuses on returning damaged it to their natural appearance and function with a pleasing aesthetic

Question 21

Esthetic

Answer 21

A pleasing appearance

Question 22

What materials are used for restorative dentistry and esthetic procedures?

Answer 22

Amalgam

Composite resin

Glass ionomer‘s

Intermediate restorative materials

Tooth whitening products

Question 23

Amalgam

Answer 23

Use the most frequently on posterior detention. It is safe, cost effective, and strong.

Question 24

Alloy

Answer 24

A mixture made up of two or more different media

Question 25

Mercury

Answer 25

Comprises 43 to 54% of the mixture

Question 26

Alloy powder

Answer 26

Comprises 46 to 57% of the mixture

Question 27

Silver

Answer 27

Gives the amalgam strength

Question 28

Tin

Answer 28

Provides work ability and strength

Question 29

Copper

Answer 29

Provide strength and resistance to corrosion

Question 30

Zinc

Answer 30

Provides oxidation suppression

Question 31

what milligrams are amalgam capsules available in?

Answer 31

600 mgs of alloy 800 mgs of alloy

Question 32

Activator

Answer 32

Equipment that is used to break the separating membrane in the amalgam capsule

Question 33

Composite resins

Answer 33

Tooth colored restorative materials made of silica or porcelain fillers. Or other particles with liquid resin that bind together to form a solid and hard restoration material.

Question 34

Characteristics of composite resins

Answer 34

Can withstand changes in the environment of the oral cavity. Can easily be created to resemble the shape of natural dentition. Can be matched to patients natural teeth Can be directly bonded to the surface of the tooth.

Question 35

Dimethacrylate

Answer 35

A fluid. It is a monomer used to make synthetic resins.

Question 36

Polymerization

Answer 36

Additives that create a chemical reaction and allow the material to take shape.

Question 37

Additives

Answer 37

Initiator Accelerator Retarder Ultraviolet stabilizers

Question 38

Inorganic fillers

Answer 38

For composite resins to be used as a restorative material, fillers are added to add strength and body. Inorganic fillers include quartz, glass, silica, and color ants.

Question 39

What are some inorganic fillers?

Answer 39

Quartz Glass Silica Colorant

Question 40

Organisilane compound

Answer 40

A coupling agent that strengthens the resin by allowing filler particles to chemically bond with resin matrix

Question 41

Macrofilled composites

Answer 41

Made up of large particles creating strength but also a dull, rough surface. This composite is rarely used today.

Question 42

Microfilled composites

Answer 42

Inorganic filler that is much smaller and capable of producing a highly polished, finished restoration. Most often used in anterior restorations.

Question 43

Hybrid composites

Answer 43

Made up of both macrofill and microfilm particles.

Question 44

Application of composite resin

Answer 44

The shade should be chosen before the tooth is prepared because desiccation throughout the procedure changes the color. If the operator prefers, the material can be placed directly into the tooth with the use of a handheld applicator. Only 1 mm to 2 mm increment should be placed and light cured at a time. The shade of the tooth is selected. The approximate amount of material is placed on a paper pad or a light protected surface. The material is transferred in increments, subjected to light caring, and is completed by finishing and polishing.

Question 45

Polymerization

Answer 45

The process in which a composite resin changes from a soft, pliable state to a hardened, strong restoration.

Question 46

Finishing composite restoration

Answer 46

Reducing the material with white stones with finishing burs. Fine finishing the material with carbide burs and finishing burs. Polishing the medium discs and finishing with fine discs. Polishing inter-proximal surfaces with finishing strips. Final polishing with a polishing paste and rubber cup.

Question 47

Glass ionomer’s

Answer 47

A versatile material that has chemical components that allow it to be used as a restorative material/liner/bonding agent and permanent cement.

Question 48

What are glass ionomer‘s used for?

Answer 48

Primary teeth, non-loadbearing areas, temporary restorations, cavity liners, bonding agent, cements for permanent crowns.

Question 49

What is glass ionomer composed of?

Answer 49

Glass, acrylic acid, Tartaric acid, Maleic acid, meta reinforced glass ionomer

Question 50

Liquid and powder

Answer 50

Mixed together with instrument on treated paper pad

Question 51

Light protected tubes

Answer 51

Distributed onto a treated paper pad

Question 52

Paste/paste system

Answer 52

Two pastes are mixed together

Question 53

Pre-measured capsule

Answer 53

Triturated at time of application

Question 54

Temporary restorative materials

Answer 54

Material that is applied to allow affected areas to function until permanent restorations can be placed

Question 55

Intermediate restorative materials

Answer 55

Material that has applied to the dentist before the application of the restorative material

Question 56

Intermediate restorative material is composed of what?

Answer 56

Zinc oxide which provides durability and strength. Eugenia which provides soothing effect

Question 57

Preparing and delivering intermediate restorative material

Answer 57

Assemble the liquid and powder container of IRN with a measuring scoop, a mixing pad, and a spatula. Use the measuring scoop to dispense powder onto the mixing pad. Dispense liquid onto the measuring pad. The ratio is 1 to 1, meaning one scoop of powder to one drop of liquid. Mix the powder into the liquid and increments to form a stiff paste. The mixing time should be about one minute. Roll the IRM into a ball for easy delivery to the tooth. Wipe the spatula clean before the material sets. Set IRM in the restored tooth.

Question 58

Provisional restorative materials

Answer 58

Product to use the temporary return the shape and function of a tooth while the permanent replacement is fabricated

Question 59

How to apply provisional restorative materials

Answer 59

The material is mixed and then placed in a custom, vacuum formed tray or alginate impression. The material is allowed to cure after being seated over the prepared tooth. The occlusion and margins are adjusted. Temporary cement is used to cement the material in place.

Question 60

Ceramics

Answer 60

Compound that contains a mixture of metals and nonmetals materials, producing durability and an aesthetic appearance

Question 61

What are the different types of ceramic restoration?

Answer 61

Porcelain fused to metal. Porcelain bonded to metal. Ceramic to metal. Porcelain metal.

Question 62

Why should you use porcelain?

Answer 62

Shades of porcelain can be easily matched natural dentition. Porcelain improve the appearance of the anterior teeth. Porcelain is a strong as metal. Porcelain is a good insulating material. Porcelain does not succumb to changes in shape due to thermal changes.