Restorative Art 1 Flashcards
(155 cards)
1
Q
external facial bones
A
- nasal bones (2)2. zygomatic bones (2)3. maxilla (2)4. mandible
2
Q
Forms a dome over the superior portion of the nasal cavity.Located directly inferior to the glabella
A
nasal bones
3
Q
see glossary for definition
A
angle of inclination or projection
4
Q
orifice bonded by the margins of the nasal bones and the maxilla
A
nasal cavity
5
Q
diamond shaped bone of the cheek
A
zygomatic bone
6
Q
might see zygomatic bone or zygomatic arch as being measured to get the….
A
widest part of the face
7
Q
just underneath the zygomatic arch you will find the…
A
zygomatic depression
8
Q
lies lateral to the portion of the cheekinferior to the zygomatic arch
A
zygomatic depression
9
Q
made up by the frontal bone and the zygomatic bone
A
zygomaticofrontal process
10
Q
two fused bones that form skeletal base of most of the superior face, roof of the mouth, sides of the nasal cavity, and the floor of the orbit (eye socket)
A
maxilla
11
Q
maxilla is also called the…
A
upper jaw bone
12
Q
sharp boney projection located medially along the inferior margin of the nasal cavity
A
nasal spine
13
Q
a slip of skin partition that covers the nasal spine and separates the medial portion of the nostrils.most inferior part of the nose
A
columna nasi
14
Q
processes of the maxillan???? check spelling
A
Alveolar process (glossary)Frontal process of the maxilla (glossary)Palatine Process (non-glossary)Dental Prognathism (buck teeth)
15
Q
bony ridge that contains the tooth sockets
A
alveolar process
16
Q
ascending part of the upper jaw
A
frontal process of the maxilla
17
Q
horse shoe shaped single bone of the mouthlower jaw
A
mandible
18
Q
2 main parts of the mandible
A
BodyRamus
19
Q
horizontal portion of the mandible
A
body
20
Q
corresponding vertical portion of the mandible
A
ramus
21
Q
parts of the body of the mandible
A
mental eminenceincisive fossaalveolar processes
22
Q
parts of the ramus of the mandible
A
condylecoronoid processmandibular notch
23
Q
Prominent eminence of the mandibleTriangular projection on the inferior portion of the anterior mandible
A
mental eminence
24
Q
area between the mental eminence and the inferior incisor teeth
A
incisive fossa
25
???? glossary term
incisive teeth
26
rounded eminence at the articulating end of the bone
condyle
27
non articulating end of the bonethis is where the temporal muscle attaches
coronoid process
28
the depression located between the condyle and the coronoid process
mandibular notch
29
marks the widest part of the lower 1/3 of the face
angle of the mandible
30
glossary?????
angle of the mandible
31
widest part of the lower face
bi-mandibular
32
widest part of the head (cranium)
bi-parietal
33
widest part of the face
bi-zygomatic
34
Check textbook
page 23
35
other bones that are not surface bones....they are of less interest to (Alteri)
(cranium)ethmoid bonesphenoid bone(facial)vomer bonepalantine boneslacrimal bones
36
see pages 20 & 23 for
other bones that are not surface bones
37
muscle provides...
muscle bulkcontour effecttopographicalsurface form
38
continual muscle contraction leaves...
markings (wrinkles) on the face
39
wrinkles run ___________ to muscle fiber
transverse
40
wrinkles are more pronounced on ______
males
41
loss of muscle tone will cause__________
sagging of tissues
42
the care of the deceased to recreate natural form and color
restorative art
43
refers to the shape of a surface structure which is recognized by its outline and surface movement
form
44
the basic form of the nose is shaped how?
pyramid shape
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the basic form of an ear is shaped how?
wedged
46
Form involves the following dimensions...
Lengthwidthprojection
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refers to those rays of light reflected from the surface
color
48
highlights and shadows affect
appearance of color
49
one thing to do to look at highlights and shadows is to look at it in....
black and white
50
unless at least _________ of the facial structures remain intact, no restoration is ordinarily attempted, because it may resemble a __________. This is called the ________ rule. (mayer)
two-thirdswax replica2/3
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the ________ may be violated in some cases.
2/3 rule
52
not all restorative art involves________
wax
53
types of restorative art without wax
1. external cosmetics2. internally (restorative chemicals w/ ACTIVE dyes)
54
______________is good to be included with permission to embalm
permission to restore
55
when preparing a wound using wax it must _________
be firm & dry
56
wounds must be ________ because you will be placing a substance and the surrounding structure should not ______
firmmove
57
wounds should be ______because one component of wax is ________
drypetroleum (oil)
58
dismembered parts should ALWAYS be attached _________________.
after embalming
59
study of the structures and surface markings of the face and featuresa topography of the face
physiognomy
60
lack of symmetry or proportiondifferences in paired features
asymmetry
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it is natural to be ________
asymetrical
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the most common characteristic of each part of a feature (or face)
norm
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one eye width is the same as_______
width of the nose
64
anthropological classification (pg. 12)
EuropeanAsiaticAfrican
65
See pages 589-605 MUST READ Embalming: history, theory, & practice
read it!
66
first people to practice any type of RA
egyptians
67
practice of reading facesPlato & Aristotle all wrote about the subject of facial meanings
Chinese & mediterranean
68
practice of reading faces originated in______
China
69
This era took low priority; little effort to restore
middle ages to early 19th century
70
restoration began at the end of ___________
the Civil War (civil war era)
71
done on their own initiativeno textbooksno instruction, cosmetics or instrumentstrial & error
Those that are considered pioneers in RA
72
early attempts and problems with RA
Plastic surgery (skin transplant)Plaster of paris Clay & puttySoapWaxes
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problems with skin transplant
skin dehydrated discoloration
74
problems with plaster of paris
draws moisture from surrounding tissues
75
problems with clay & putty
too dark & oilydifficult to hide w/cosmetics
76
finally manufactures produced a practical substance to perform RA.influence of mortuary science schools in 1920's
Waxes
77
body erect with arms at the sides and palms forward
anatomical position
78
front (before)
anterior
79
toward back
posterior
80
top
superior
81
beneath (lower)
inferior
82
toward midline
medial line
83
toward sides (away from median line)
lateral
84
body planes are located on page
14
85
horizontal plane also called
transverse plane
86
frontal plane also called
coronal plane
87
median (medial) plane also calleddivides into right and left
sagittal plane
88
state of being deep
depth
89
know terminology of.....
deepsuperficialmiddle of the body
90
hollow or shallow area
depression
91
area that sticks outState or condition of being thrust forward or projecting
protrusion
92
hollow depressed area
concave
93
outer segment of a circle
convex
94
line which is neither horizontal or verticalSlope; deviation from the horizontal or vertical; oblique
inclination
95
relating to, or having two sides
bilateral
96
dissimilarities noted when looking at two sides
bilateral differences
97
bilateral view of a person's silhouette
bilateral silhouette
98
a view of a person from the front
frontal aspect
99
a view of a person from the side
profile
100
a view of a person that is slightly turned
3 quarter view
101
additional terminology needed
frontal (anterior view)margins (boundaries or edges)oblique (slanting; neither horizontal nor perpendicular)pyramidrecession (recessed; withdraw from normal position)sunken (commonly the eyes)vertex (crown or topmost part)
102
requires a long period of time, is extensive, or requires technical skill
major restoration
103
types of major restorations
full head of hairdeep wound preparation and care of deep lacerationsrepair or reconstruction of multiple fracturesbuck-teeth (dental prognathism)3rd degree burns
104
The funeral home can charge the family for RA if_____________
it is on the general price list/contract
105
Charging the family for RA is ____________.
up to the funeral home...not required
106
When discussing RA with a family be aware of___________
promises/time lines
107
Always make sure that the family has __________
clarity
108
requires a minimum of effort, skill or time to complete
minor restoration
109
types of minor restorations
tissue building (filler)waxing (lips, razor burn, sutures, etc.)bleaching/concealing discolorationsremoval of fever blistersminor hair replacement (parts of eyebrow, eyelash, etc.)reducing swelling (non-surgical)
110
distinguishing characteristics not to be altered or concealed normally....
moleswartsscarsbirthmarks
111
note....
READ AND STUDY TERMS IN CHAPTERS 1 & 2
112
Bones of the head are divided into....
bones of the craniumbones of the face
113
geometric form of the "normal skull"
oval
114
the geometric from of the skull is determined from what views?
frontal &above
115
form varies from______________
person to person
116
why does form vary?
because of differences in width & length
117
note....
see page 12 for skull comparison of male, female, and infant
118
it is important to note the differences in
bone thicknesssize of bonesprominence of eminence
119
note...
look up info on ......prominence of eminence
120
note...
look into....infant skull development
121
effects of tooth loss and
aging
122
bones of the external cranium
frontal (1)occipital (1)parietal (2)temporal (2)
123
which bones are paired bones of the cranium
parietaltemporal
124
anterior third of the cranium
frontal bone
125
surfaces of the frontal bone
1. vertical surface (forehead)2. horizontal surface (crown)
126
eminences of the frontal bone
1. frontal eminence (2)2. supraorbital margin (2)3. superciliary arch (2) "eyebrow"4. glabella
127
note...
look up eminence and projection in glossary
128
Rounded prominences on either side of the median line of the frontal bone. May be indistinct at times (unrecognizable) or continuous.
frontal eminence
129
superior rim of the eye sockets (2)
supraorbital margin
130
the supraorbital margin lies _________ regarding the superciliary arch.
inferior
131
on some individuals the supraorbital margin will be _________
prominent ex: Tommy Lee Jones
132
lies in the inferior part of the forehead just superior the medial ends of the eyebrows (the thicker part of an arched eyebrow)
superciliary arch
133
superciliary arch is normally more prominent in people with ___________
receding foreheads
134
Located between the superciliary arch. Located in the inferior part of the frontal bone. Considered to be at the root of the nose. (where a uni-brow grows)
glabella
135
when the glabella is very prominent it will make the root of the nose look very _______________
deep
136
the lowest part of the back and the base of the cranium. Forms a cradle for the brain.
occipital bone
137
distinctive features of the occipital bone
occipital protuberanceforamen magnum
138
located at the center of the external surface of the occipital bone
occipital protuberance
139
opening in the occipital bone, the spinal cord passes thru it
foramen magnum
140
note....
pages 128-129 discusses decapitation
141
superior portion of the sides and the posterior 2/3 of the cranium
parietal bones
142
parietal eminences
convexity of the parietal bone
143
a measurement of one parietal eminence to another gives you the ______________________.
widest part of the cranium
144
where are the parietal eminences located?
above posterior border of the ears.
145
inferior portion of the sides and the base of the cranium
temporal bone
146
concave surface of the head overlying the temporal bone.
temporal cavity
147
vertical portion of the temporal bone and is fairly thin (almost translucent) Scale like
squama
148
characteristics of the squama
thinalmost translucentscale like
149
there are _______ anatomical structures of the temporal bone. Used for locating the modeled ear.
4
150
What are the anatomical structures of the temporal bones used to locate the modeled ear?
1. external auditory meatus2. zygomatic arch3. mandibular fossa4. mastoid process
151
ear passagesee glossary
external auditory meatus
152
extension of the zygomatic bonedivides the length of the ear in halfsee glossary
zygomatic arch
153
measurement of one zygomatic arch to the other gives you the.....
widest part of the face
154
where the condyle of the mandible articulatesis anterior to the external auditor meatus
mandibular fossa
155
rounded portion most inferior portion of the temporal boneis posterior to the lobe of the ear (fatty inferior one third portion of the ear)sternoclydomastoid muscle attaches here
mastoid process
