Restrictive/Inflammatory Lung Disease Flashcards
In restrictive lung diseases, the compliance is ____ and the airway resistance is ____.
compliance = decreased (more stiff) resistance = decreased
A decrease in lung compliance can occur via which 3 mechanisms?
- Increased thickness of the lung interstitium
- Increased lung water
- Increased alveolar surface tension
How does the thickness of the lung interstitium become increased?
increased deposition of elastic/connective tissue in chronic interstitial lung disease or lung injury
Increased lung water is most commonly seen with ____.
congestive heart failure
Increases in alveolar surface tension tend to cause _____ which reduces compliance.
alveolar collapse
What causes ARDS?
lung injury to the type II alveolar cells
The PV curve is _____ in restrictive lung dz.
flatter and shifted down
______ are usually the earliest manifestation of interstitial lung disease.
Symptoms with exercise
DLCO is ______ in restrictive disease.
decreased
Name 4 known causes of interstitial lung disease (ILD).
- Autoimmune disease
- Exposure to inorganic dusts (typically occupational dusts such as silica or
asbestos) - Exposure to organic molecules that result in hypersensitivity pneumonitis
- Drug effect
What can cause idiopathic ILD?
sarcoidosis and the idiopathic interstitial pneumonias
IIPs
The presentation of most forms of ILD is the insidious onset of ______.
dyspnea on exertion
Therapy for many forms of ILD involves ______.
immunosuppression
Pulmonary fibrosis is a generic term that refers to ______.
lung scarring
_____ is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology that is characterized pathologically by noncaseating granulomas.
Sarcoid
