Retinal Diagramming and Peripheral Retina Exam (M2)

Question 1

What structures are in the inner circle of the retina diagram?

Answer 1

posterior pole, disc, and major vasculature

Question 2

What structures are in the middle circle of the retina diagram?

Answer 2

peripheral retina (posterior border of ora serrata and termination of photoreceptors)

Question 3

What structures are in the outer circle of the retina diagram?

Answer 3

pars plana (anterior limit to the fundus)

Question 4

What is in the very center of the retina diagram?

Answer 4

the fovea

Question 5

What is the radius of the inner circle of a retinal diagram in DD? 1. Middle circle? 2

Answer 5

1. 6 DD

2. 4 DD

Question 6

What is a detailed examination and drawing of the fundus that goes beyond the standard funduscopy of a normal visit called?

Answer 6

extended ophthalmoscopy

Question 7

What are the symptoms or conditions that warrant peripheral retinal examination?

Answer 7

1. flashes, floaters, films, curtains, spots, etc

2. previous retinal surgeries

Question 8

Where do most retinal tears occur?

Answer 8

anterior to the equator

Question 9

What are the risk factors of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment?

Answer 9

1. myopia
2. lattice degeneration
3. previous cataract surgery
4. trauma

Question 10

What is the preferred method of evaluating peripheral vitreoretinal pathology? 1. What may complement it? 2

Answer 10

1. indirect ophthalmoscopy with scleral depression

2. slit-lamp biomicroscopy with mirrored CL or a small indirect condensing lens

Question 11

What are the ANSI standards recommendation for the time of continuous viewing of the retina for BIO?

Question 12

What percentage of the retina is beyond the vortex veins?

Answer 12

30-40%

Question 13

What direction should the lens be tilted to view the inferior views during peripheral fundoscopy? 1. superior views? 2

Answer 13

1. down (superior edge closer to globe)

2. up

Question 14

What kind of image does the Hruby lens create for the examiner?

Answer 14

erect, stereoscopic, virtual image

Question 15

What is the type of lens (in diopters) for the central lens of the 3-mirror gonio? 1. What does it view? 2

Answer 15

1. 64 D

2. posterior pole

Question 16

What is the angle of the rectangular lens of the 3-mirror? 1. What does it view? 2

Answer 16

1. 67deg

2. anterior equator to posterior ora

Question 17

What is the angle of the trapezoidal lens of the 3-mirror? 1. What does it view? 2

Answer 17

1. 73deg

2. equatorial fundus

Question 18

What is the angle of the semi-circular (“D”) lens of the 3-mirror? 1. What does it view? 2

Answer 18

1. 59deg

2. ora serrata and pars plana

Question 19

What are the advantages to 3-mirror fundoscopy?

Answer 19

1. optics of lens clear and glare-free
2. magnification is greater than BIO
3. stereoscopic view of peripheral retina

Question 20

What are the disadvantages of 3-mirror fundoscopy?

Answer 20

difficult to obtain fundus views/photos afterwards

Question 21

What direction should the lens be tilted to obtain a more peripheral view during 3-mirror fundo?

Answer 21

same direction as mirror of interest