retract Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is the full name of Jose Rizal?
Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda
When was Jose Rizal born?
June 19, 1861
How old was Jose Rizal at the time of his death?
35
What was the cause of Jose Rizal’s death?
Execution by firing squad
Where is Jose Rizal buried?
Paco Cemetery
What role did Jose Rizal play in the Philippine Revolution?
Hero of the revolution due to his writings against colonialism
Name two of Rizal’s influential works.
- Noli Me Tangere
- El Filibusterismo
What is the significance of the document referred to as ‘The Retraction’?
It allegedly declares Rizal’s belief in the Catholic faith and retracts his criticisms of the Church
Are historians agreed on the authenticity of Rizal’s retraction?
No, they remain divided on whether it was a true recantation or fabricated
Define ‘Retraction’.
The action of drawing something back or back in; a withdrawal of a statement, accusation, or undertaking
How many known versions of Rizal’s alleged retraction exist?
Four
What were the names of the two Spanish newspapers that reported Rizal’s retraction on the day of his execution?
- La Voz Española
- Diario de Manila
Who wrote the article in La Juventud that stated Rizal retracted?
Father Vicente Balaguer
When was the Archdiocesan Archives Copy of the retraction allegedly found?
May 18, 1935
Who certified the True Copy of the retraction document in 1996?
Rev. Fr. Ruperto C. Santos
What did Rizal allegedly renounce in the retraction document?
Masonry
Who were the witnesses present when Rizal signed the retraction?
- Juan del Fresno (Chief of the Firing Squad)
- Eloy Moure (Assistant of the Plaza)
According to Father Vicente Balaguer, how many times did Rizal confess?
Four times
What did Balaguer claim Rizal did before his execution?
Attended Mass, received communion, and prayed the rosary
What did Rizal reportedly think of the first draft of the retraction?
He rejected it for being too long
What is controversial about Balaguer’s testimony?
It is the only first-hand account claiming Rizal signed a retraction
What significant detail was uncovered by Professor Rene R. Escalante in 2016?
A report from the Cuerpo de Vigilancia contradicted Balaguer’s account
What did Rizal do before his execution that indicated some level of religious compliance?
Married Josephine Bracken in articulo mortis
What organization did Rizal found that was a nonviolent reform group?
La Liga Filipina
