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Y. neuro ophthalmology > Retrochiasmal > Flashcards

Retrochiasmal Flashcards

(44 cards)

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1
Q

Optic Radiations: Parietal Lobe receives fibers from (upper/lower) retina, which controls the (upper/lower) VF.

A

Parietal: upper retina, lower VF

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2
Q

Optic Radiations: Temporal receives fibers from (upper/lower) retina, which controls the (upper/lower) VF.

A

Temporal: Lower retina, upper VF

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3
Q

Blood Supply: Optic Tract

A

Middle Cerebral Artery

(Specifically: Anterior Choroidal & Posterior Communicating)

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4
Q

Blood Supply: LGN

A

Branches of MCA and PCA

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5
Q

Blood Supply: Optic Radiations

A

MCA and PCA

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6
Q

Blood Supply: Calcarine Sulcus

A

Mostly PCA

MCA — anterior portion, corresponds with Macula

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7
Q

The more (anterior/posterior), the more congruous

A

Anterior

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8
Q

Retrochiasmal defects are always

A

homonymous

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9
Q

T/F: Congruity can only be assessed in an incomplete hemianopia

A

TRUE

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10
Q

Most common cause of RC-VF defects in children

A

Trauma and tumors

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11
Q

Most common cause of RC-VF defects in adults

A

Infarcts

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12
Q

Most common location of RC-VF defects in adults

A

Occipital lobe

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13
Q

Most common location of RC-VF defects in children

A

Optic radiations

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14
Q

TRUE/FALSE: there are more uncrossed than crossed fibers in the optic tract

A

FALSE: there are more crossed (53:47)

—> lesion in optic tract produces APD

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15
Q

T/F: VA is preserved in Optic Tract lesion

A

TRUE

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16
Q

Describe the pallor in optic tract lesion

A

Contralateral: bow tie
Ipsilateral: temporal atrophy

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17
Q

Abnormalities seen in Optic Tract lesion: (4)

A
  1. VA preserved
  2. Contralateral low-grade APD
  3. OU pallor
  4. Contralateral incongruous homonymous hemianopia
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18
Q

What role does LGN play in visual processing?

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A

Organizes fibers and sends to visual cortex

19
Q

Ipsilateral layers of LGN

20
Q

Contralateral layers of LGN

21
Q

Describe defect and the lesion that would cause this defect

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A

Quadruple sectoranopia

Occlusion of anterior choroidal artery (branch of MCA) —> infarcts in horns / hilum is spared

22
Q

Describe defect and the lesion that would cause this defect

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A

Horizontal sectoranopia

Occlusion of posteriolateral choroidal artery (branch of PCA) —> infarction of hilum / spare horns

23
Q

Most common parietal lesion

24
Q

Most common temporal lesion

25
“Pie in the sky”
Aka Upper Quadrantanopsia (Contralateral) Temporal lobe defect
26
Superior radiations originate from the _____ retina, corresponding with the ____ VF, travels through the _____ lobe and ends up in the ____ occipital lobe.
Superior retina (Inferior field) —> Parietal lobe —> Superior occipital
27
Inferior radiations originate from the _____ retina, corresponding with the ____ VF, travels through the _____ lobe and ends up in the ____ occipital lobe.
Inferior retina (superior VF) —> temporal lobe (aka Meyer’s Loop) —> inferior occipital lobe
28
Lesion in *anterior* Meyer’s Loop — what defect?
Lateral to vertical midline in superior field
29
Lesion in *posterior* Meyer’s Loop — what defect?
Superior field: superior to horizontal midline
30
Signs/Symptoms for Temporal Lobe/Meyer’s Loop defect (3)
1. Visual agnosia 2. Seizures 3. Personality changes
31
Signs/Symptoms for Parietal Lobe defect (3)
1. Hemiparesis 2. Aphasia/Acalculia 3. Spatial distortion
32
Parietal Lobe defect is denser (inf/sup)
Inf
33
Temporal lobe defect is denser (inf/sup)
Sup
34
Why might there be ON atrophy or GCC/NFL loss with optic radiation lesion?
Transynaptic retrograde degeneration
35
Why might there be gaze preference with optic radiation lesion?
Looking away from hemianopia
36
Cogan’s Spasticity of Conjugate Gaze
Abnormal Bells Phenomenon (up and away from lesion)
37
Bells Phenomenon
Eyes up and out on force closure
38
Visual Cortex aka…
Striate Cortex Brodmann’s 17 V1
39
Explain why macular sparing occurs
Dual blood supply from MCA/PCA
40
Riddoch Phenomenon
Blindsight (HM, LP)
41
Most common cause of occipital lobe hemianopia
PCA stroke
42
TRUE/FALSE: PCA stroke —> macular sparing
Not necessarily, can be +/- sparing
43
Most common cause of stroke
Embolus or thrombosis
44
Ocular Managament for RC-VF defect (4)
1. Low Vision 2. Driving Recs 3. Visual scanning/mobility training 4. Prism

Y. neuro ophthalmology (10 decks)

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