Reverse Thrust, Thrust Augmentation, and Auxiliary Power Units

Question 1

its addition has improved the capability of aircraft handling a modern aircraft on a wet and/or icy runway in crosswind conditions is relatively straight forward

Answer 1

reverse thrust

Question 2

the usual method of operating the reverse thrust system is to select it immediately as __________

Answer 2

the weight of the aircraft is firmly on the main wheels

Question 3

three basic thrust reversal systems

Answer 3

clamshell doors, bucket doors (external doors), blocker doors

Question 4

The reversing systems ______ the direction of the gas flow, thereby reversing the thrust.

Answer 4

reverse

Question 5

For clamshell doors, the name “clamshell” has been applied to this system of reverse thrust because of the ___________, which resembles that of a clamshell.

Answer 5

shape of the reverser doors

Question 6

In this system, the reverser doors are usually pneumatically operated and uses high pressure compressor air as its power source.

Answer 6

clamshell doors

Question 7

In clamshell doors, _________ move the reverser doors from their stowed (forward thrust) position to their deployed (reverse thrust) position.

Answer 7

pneumatic rams

Question 8

In their stowed position, the clamshell doors cover ‘_________,’‘which are revealed when the doors move to the deployed state.

Answer 8

cascade vanes

Question 9

While deployed, the clamshell doors __________, forcing the gas to escape through the cascade vanes in a forward direction, so that the forward motion of the aircraft is opposed by the reverse thrust generated.

Answer 9

shut off the normal exhaust gas exit

Question 10

The ________ are aiming the exhaust mainly in a forward direction, but they are angled so that the exhaust also has an outbard angular component which minimizes the chances of debris and hot gases being re-ingested into the engine intake during the use of reverse thrust.

Answer 10

lower cascade vanes

Question 11

Why are the lower cascade vanes angled?

Answer 11

so that the exhaust also has an outboard angular component

Question 12

it minimizes the chances of debris and hot gases being re-ingested into the engine intake during the use of reverse thrust

Answer 12

outboard angular component

Question 13

The ‘__________’ system is normally hydraulically operated.

Answer 13

bucket reverser

Question 14

In bucket reversers, the rear position of the engine exhaust pipe is shaped like __________, hinged to enable them to swing rearwards when selected, deflecting the exhaust gas forward.

Answer 14

two halves of a bottomless bucket

Question 15

AKA as cold stream reverser

Answer 15

blocker system

Question 16

The cold stream reverser, or blocker system, is only used on ___________.

Answer 16

high bypass ratio fan jet engines

Question 17

essential difference between the blocker system and both the clamshell door and bucket reversing systems

Answer 17

it blocks and diverts the cold bypass air stream only

Question 18

each engine with a reverse thrust capability has a ________

Answer 18

reverse thrust lever

Question 19

In the case of a blocker system, the speed and direction of an air motor is determined by _________.

Answer 19

operation of reverse thrust lever

Question 20

Its output drives flexible shafts which open or close the blocker doors

Answer 20

air motor

Question 21

The output of the air motor drives ______ which open or close the blocker doors.

Answer 21

flexible shafts

Question 22

The output of the air motort drives flexible shafts which open or close the blocker doors, which by their movement, either expose or cover cascade vanes, which direct the _______ where it is required.

Answer 22

bypass air