Review 1 Flashcards
(29 cards)
What are 3 different ways contracts are constructed to control the principal/agent problem?
Incentives, Disincentives, Moral Screening
What is the paradox of hedonism?
If you try to seek pleasure you will find disappointment. Pleasure can’t be the only end goal
What does meta-ethics deal with?
Study of moral thought and moral language.
What is the “Why Question” test
Do I desire this as a tool to get something else out of it (Example Job ——> Money)
What does a theory of moral worth aim to do?
The value of Character Traits for what they contribute to leading a good life.
What is “applied ethics”?
A branch of ethics devoted to the treatment of moral problems, practices, and policies in personal life, professions, technology, and government.
What does “Hume’s rule” say?
You cannot derive ought from is
What is the so-called “Hedonic treadmill”?
Happiness adjusts to increasing wealth
What is the argument from false happiness argument against all mental state theories of happiness?
You don’t want a simulation you want to experience the real thing
What is “default egoism”
The belief that people mostly try to benefit themselves.
What is the “we always do what we want” argument against pure altruism
We always act out of self-interest
What are the 2 main types of rule deontological theories
Single rule theory, Multiple rule theory
What is psychological egoism
A theory that all human actions are aimed at avoiding some personal loss or gaining some personal benefit.
In modern philosophy which two thinkers are most associated with ethical egoism
Hobbes and Nische
what is the difference between an intrinsic (or “ultimate”) good and an extrinsic (or “instrumental” good)?
Intrinsic good - Desirable and good in and of itself.
Extrinsic good - Desirable because it is a means, a tool, to obtain something else desirable.
what is the theory of hedonism?
Something is ultimately desirable if and only if it is some kind of personal pleasure.
What are objective desiderata theories?
Theories that you believe certain objective things are necessary for happiness
What is the “Easterlin Paradox”?
It claimed that as people get richer, there is a point where more money won’t make you any happier. (Becomes a plateau)
What are consequentialist theories of moral obligation?
Tie the moral rightness of the action only to the nonmoral goodness of the result
What are the 4 kinds of consequentialist theories?=
Ethical egoism, Pure altruism. Tribalism and utilitarianism.
What is “religious egoism”?
Where you do good and not evil because you believe if you do evil,God will put you in hell
What is Enlightened egoism?
ethical egoism+ the view that you strategically must consider others
What is the theory of psychological hedonism?
matter of biological fact that animals seek pleasure and avoid pain
What is the theory of ethical hedonism?
Only if it brings you pleasure, not intrinsic
