Review 1 & 2 (10-21 April)

Question 1

What toxic substance is in Zenker’s fluid?

Answer 1

Mercury

Question 2

What toxic substance is in Drabkin’s reagent?

Answer 2

Cyanide

Question 3

What does not need to be terminally sterilized prior to disposal?

Answer 3

Urine

Question 4

What is iodine used as?

Answer 4

An antiseptic

Question 5

What is used to decontaminate non-metal surfaces?

Answer 5

Phenol

Question 6

Define: TLV-STEL

Answer 6

Threshold limit value - short term exposure limited: concentration of a substance a worker can be exposed to for a maximum of 15min without adverse effects

Question 7

What does BSC stand for?

Answer 7

Biological safety cabinet

Question 8

Define: microorganisms

Answer 8

Tiny living organisms such as bacteria, viruses, etc

Question 9

Name one type of non-ionizing radiation.

Answer 9

Microwave

Question 10

Define “insidious hazard” and give one very common example of them. (2)

Answer 10

1. Insidious hazard: unseen hazard

2. Aerosols

Question 11

What disinfectant is good for decontaminating metals?

Answer 11

2% glutaraldehyde

Question 12

What chemical must be stored under water?

Answer 12

Picric acid

Question 13

Define: TLV

Answer 13

Threshold limit value: the concentration of a substance a person can be repeatedly exposed to during an 8hr day (40hr wk) without adverse effects

Question 14

Name a common category of chemicals that are highly flammable.

Answer 14

Organic solvents

Question 15

What is an autoclave used for?

Answer 15

Sterilization

Question 16

What category do gloves, masks, and gowns fall under?

Answer 16

PPE

Question 17

Define: L.D. 50

Answer 17

Lethal dose, 50%; the dose of a substance, when administered orally or via IV, kills 1/2 of the test animals

Question 18

List the 4 common categories of hazards. (4)

Answer 18

1. Physical
2. Chemical
3. Biological
4. Insidious (radiation)

Question 19

What class of fire is involved with electrical equipment?

Answer 19

Class C

Question 20

In what time frame must all accidents be reported within according to the Body Substance Precautions regulation?

Answer 20

Within 24hrs

Question 21

Name 4 things that may create aerosols. (4)

Answer 21

1. Blending
2. Grinding
3. Centrifuging
4. Opening a specimen tube

Question 22

When storing chemicals, what 4 types of things should be considered? (4)

Answer 22

1. Alphabetical order
2. Reactivity (light/dark, room temp/ cold, etc)
3. Storage material and amount (glass/plastic, small amounts of organic solvents only)
4. Solubility (keep acids separate from bases, keep strong oxidizers and reducing agents separate)

Question 23

Name the 9 (technically) requirements for a supplier label.

Answer 23

1. Chemical name
2. Name of supplier
3. Reference to MSDS
4. Hazard symbols (pictograms)
5. Risk phrases
6. Precautionary measures
7. First aid measures
8. Bilingual (English + French)
9. Border

Question 24

Name the 4 types of transmissions for chemical and biological hazards. (4)

Answer 24

1. Inhalation
2. Ingestion
3. Absorption
4. Injections

Question 25

Which 2 common antiseptics are most suitable for destruction of HBV? (2)

Answer 25

1. Iodine | 2. Chlorhexidine

Question 26

What 3 factors determine the degree of radiation exposure? (3)

Answer 26

1. Distance between the source and individual 2. Time of exposure 3. Type(s) of shielding used

Question 27

Differentiate between acid and base. (2)

Answer 27

1. Acid = solution with pH below 7.0 | 2. Base = solution with pH above 7.0

Question 28

What is a notable feature of picric acid?

Answer 28

Explosive when dry

Question 29

What is a laminar flow hood?

Answer 29

Type II flow hood

Question 30

What is due diligence?

Answer 30

Employer must do everything reasonable to protect the health and safety of the workers

Question 31

Define: precautionary measures

Answer 31

Short statements describing the precautions to be taken when handling a controlled product (these are also found on MSDS and labels)

Question 32

Define: antiseptic

Answer 32

Solution used to remove only some microorganisms on the skin

Question 33

Define: physical hazard

Answer 33

Hazard arising from physical conditions of the area (incl compressed gas, fire, wet floor, electricity, sharp objects, heavy objects)

Question 34

Define: radiation

Answer 34

Energy which travels from a source through other materials

Question 35

Define: workplace label

Answer 35

Stamp, tag, mark, etc made in the lab that is used in the lab and includes a reference to the MSDS

Question 36

When is a workplace label used?

Answer 36

When a label is lost, illegible, or the product is transferred to another container

Question 37

Differentiate between ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. (2)

Answer 37

1. Ionizing → energy is sufficient to remove electrons | 2. Non-ionizing → energy can move or vibrate atoms, but not enough to remove electrons

Question 38

Define: L.C. 50

Answer 38

Lethal concentration, 50%: Concentration of toxicant inhaled by test animals for a known period of time and kills ½ of them

Question 39

Differentiate between L.D. 50 and L.C. 50. (2)

Answer 39

1. Lethal Dose 50% Kills (L.D. 50) Dose of a substance, when administered ORALLY OR VIA IV, kills ½ of the animals tested 2. Lethal Concentration (L.C. 50) Concentration of toxicant INHALED by test animals for a known period of time and kills ½ of them

Question 40

Define: universal precautions

Answer 40

Set of procedures for dealing with patients under the assumption that every direct contact with body fluids is infectious