*Review* Flashcards
Review of Chem 10 (53 cards)
Matter is everything with?
Mass and Volume.
Matter separates into which two categories?
Pure substances, and mixtures.
What number is close to the amount of the naturally occurring elements?
90
How many synthetic elements are there?
25
What are the main characteristics of metals?
- Good at conducting electricity and heat.
2. Are malleable and ductile.
What are the characteristics of non-metals?
- They do not conduct heat and electricity.
2. They are not malleable or ductile.
What are the characteristics of metaloids?
They have characteristics that fit in-between metals and non-metals.
What does ductile mean?
It means to be put in a cylindrical wire shape.
Pure substances are separated into?
Elements and compounds.
Mixtures are separated into?
Homogeneous (looks like one thing): “solutions” and heterogeneous (looks like several things): “suspensions and colloids”
What are alkali metals
They are group 1, the farthest left group (not including hydrogen).
They are super reactive and soft.
Only have one electron in valance shell
What are alkali earth metals?
They are the second group, with two valence electrons
They are like alkali metals except less reactive and soft.
What are Nobel gases?
They are group 18 and are not reactive because they are stable.
What are halogens?
Group 17 and are the most reactive non-metals.
They need one electron to become stable.
What are periods and how many are there?
They are the 7 rows on the periodic table
What are groups and how many are there?
They are the 18 columns in the periodic table
What are atoms?
They are the smallest particle of an element that can undergo a chemical reaction.
What are atoms made up of?
Subatomic particles (protons, electrons, and neutrons)
What are protons (p+)?
p+ are +1 charge
they have an atomic mass of 1
and they live in the nucleus
What is an electron (e-)?
e- has a charge of -1
Has 1/1836 mass of a proton
Orbits the nucleus
What is a neutron (n°)?
n° has a mass of 1
Zero charge
And lives in the nucleus
What does the atomic number represent?
Number of protons.
What does the atomic mass represent?
A total number of protons and neutrons.
What are the energy levels?
What is the valence shell?
Energy levels are the things that hold electrons.
Each level can hold a certain amount of electrons
It goes 2,8,8,8 (first level to 4th level)
The valence shell is the outermost shell that did or does have electrons.