REVIEW Flashcards
(54 cards)
The only “P” in the marketing mix that provides revenues to a firm.
PRICE
The pricing strategy that a company uses depends on whether its operation is domestic or international market.
PRODUCT PRICING
PRICING OBJECTIVES
- MEET THEIR PROFIT OBJECTIVE
- MAINTAIN OR IMPROVE MARKET SHARE
- CONTROL ENTRY OF NEW PLAYERS IN THE MARKET OFFERING COMPETING BRANDS
IMPORTANCE OF PRICE
- Price dictates product demands.
- Price influences buyer’s decision whether to buy the product or not.
PRODUCT IN RELATION TO PRODUCT QUALITY
PREMIUM PRICING STRATEGY
ECONOMY PRICING STRATEGY
VALUE PRICING STRATEGY
OVERCHARGING PRICING STRATEGY
involves setting the price low because the product is low quality
ECONOMY
involves setting a high price to products produced with high quality
PREMIUM
OTHER PRICING STRATEGIES
PENETRATION PRICING STRATEGY
MARKET SKIMMING PRICING STRATEGY
BUNDLE PRICING STRATEGY
GEOGRAPHICAL PRICING STRATEGY
involves setting low initial price for new products offered in the market
PENETRATION PRICING STRATEGY
involves setting high initial price for a product and after a definite period of time, companies either lower or maintain the price
MARKET SKIMMING PRICING STRATEGY
involves setting one price for a set or complimentary products
BUNDLE PRICING STRATEGY
involves setting prices differently in different locations
GEOGRAPHICAL PRICING STRATEGY
a type of geographical pricing where the seller sets up zones where markets within the zone pay the same price for the products.
ZONING PRICING
In order to penetrate the market and to maintain existing customers, some sellers shoulder part
FREIGHT ABSORPTION PRICING
COMPANIES CUT PRICE WHEN:
- There is excess capacity.
- There is a continuous decrease in market share.
- Competitors lower their price offering and companies believe that it is advantageous to their companies to follow price decreases.
- Company desires to regain lost market share and gain more customers.
- Company is anticipating a new product model or design.
COMPANIES INCREASE PRICE WHEN:
- There is a desire to increase profit.
- There is a high demand for the product.
- There is an increase in the cost of raw materials or labor cost.
Is a critical factor in the efficient distribution of products from the manufacturer to the final users of the products.
PRODUCT DISTRIBUTION
Compose the distribution channel
MARKETING INTERMEDIARIES
EXAMPLES OF INTERMEDIARIES
Sales Agent
Advertising Agencies
Wholesalers
Retailers
Those that purchase products from manufacturers and sell these products to retailers.
WHOLESALING INTERMEDIARIES
Those that purchase products and resell them to final users or market for their own use.
Retailers
The final stage in the channel distribution.
RETAILING
Starts when there is an order from customers.
PHYSICAL DISTRIBUTION
LEVELS OF CHANNEL DISTRIBUTION
zero-level channel
one-level channel
two-level channel
three-level channel