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1
Q

What is Culture?

A

The shared beliefs, practices, customs, and behaviors of a particular group of people.

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2
Q

What is Society?

A

A group of individuals who share a common culture, interact with one another, and live in a defined geographical area.

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3
Q

What is Deviance?

A

Behavior that violates social norms.

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4
Q

What is Rebellion?

A

The rejection of social norms and institutions, often involving efforts to change them.

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5
Q

What is Ritualism?

A

Strict adherence to social norms without regard for their original purpose.

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6
Q

What is Socialization?

A

The lifelong process of learning culture and norms.

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7
Q

What are Beliefs?

A

Ideas or convictions that people hold to be true.

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8
Q

What is Religion?

A

A system of beliefs and practices centered around spirituality and moral guidelines.

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9
Q

What are Traditions?

A

Long-standing customs or beliefs passed down through generations.

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10
Q

What is Politics?

A

The governance of a society and decision-making processes.

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11
Q

What are Customs?

A

Established practices followed by a particular culture or society.

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12
Q

What are Folkways?

A

Socially approved but not morally significant norms (e.g., shaking hands).

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13
Q

What are Norms?

A

Rules and expectations that guide behavior.

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14
Q

What are Prescriptive Norms?

A

Norms that dictate what one should do.

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15
Q

What are Proscriptive Norms?

A

Norms that dictate what one should not do.

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16
Q

What are Mores?

A

Strongly held norms with moral significance (e.g., laws against stealing).

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17
Q

What is Adaptation?

A

How individuals or societies adjust to their environment or circumstances.

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18
Q

What is Enculturation?

A

The process of learning and internalizing one’s own culture.

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19
Q

What is Endogenic?

A

Internal cultural changes originating within a society.

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20
Q

What is Migration?

A

The movement of people from one place to another.

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21
Q

What are Foraging Societies?

A

Small, nomadic groups that rely on hunting and gathering.

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22
Q

What are Agricultural Societies?

A

Societies that rely on farming and domesticated animals.

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23
Q

What are Industrial Societies?

A

Societies based on mechanized production and mass labor.

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24
Q

What are Horticultural Societies?

A

Societies that cultivate plants on a small scale for subsistence.

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25
What is Language?
A system of symbols used for communication.
26
What are Symbols?
Objects, gestures, or images that carry particular meanings.
27
What is Technology?
The tools and methods used to meet societal needs.
28
What are Values?
Shared principles that determine what is desirable or important.
29
What is Discovery?
The process of finding something that already exists.
30
What is Diffusion?
The spread of cultural elements from one society to another.
31
What is Colonization?
The process of one culture imposing control over another.
32
What is Invention?
The creation of new cultural elements.
33
What is Acculturation?
The process of adopting cultural traits from another group.
34
What is Assimilation?
When a minority group gradually adopts the culture of a dominant group.
35
What is Amalgamation?
The blending of different cultures into a new cultural form.
36
What is Cultural Relativism?
The idea that cultures should be understood based on their own values and norms, not judged by another culture’s standards.
37
What is Cultural Variation?
The differences in cultural practices across societies.
38
What is Ethnocentrism?
The belief that one’s own culture is superior to others.
39
What is Xenocentrism?
The belief that another culture is superior to one’s own.
40
What are Attitudes?
A person’s feelings or perspectives on various topics.
41
What are Skills?
Learned abilities to perform tasks.
42
What are Abilities?
Natural talents or aptitudes.
43
What are Ideas?
Abstract concepts or mental representations.
44
What is Knowledge?
Information and awareness gained through experience or education.
45
What are Arts?
Cultural expressions such as music, painting, and literature.
46
What are Laws?
Formal rules enforced by a society.
47
What are Morals?
Principles of right and wrong.
48
What are Feelings?
Emotional responses to experiences.
49
What is the Functional Definition of Society?
Society is defined by how it meets the needs of its members (e.g., education, protection, law enforcement).
50
What is the Structural Definition of Society?
Society is seen as a system of institutions, organizations, and relationships.
51
Why do humans form societies?
For safety, cooperation, resource sharing, and cultural continuity.
52
What are the characteristics of Society?
Shared culture, institutions, interdependence, and structured interactions.
53
What are the major functions of Society?
Includes social order, cultural transmission, economic stability, and governance.
54
How is Culture learned?
Through enculturation, socialization, and observation.
55
What are the characteristics of Culture?
Culture is learned, shared, adaptive, symbolic, and dynamic.
56
What is the importance of Culture?
Provides identity, unity, traditions, and social norms.
57
What are the elements of Culture?
Language, symbols, norms, values, and technology.
58
What are the forms of Norms?
Includes folkways, mores, laws, and taboos.
59
What are the modes of acquiring Culture?
Includes direct learning, imitation, and interaction.
60
What are the causes of Cultural Change?
Technology, migration, globalization, and innovation.
61
What are the social processes of Diffusion?
How culture spreads through communication and interaction.
62
What are Cultural Variations?
Differences in customs, beliefs, and practices between societies.
63
What are the three important perceptions on Cultural Variability?
Ethnocentrism, cultural relativism, and xenocentrism.
64
What are the elements of Cultural Variability?
Language, traditions, values, and technological advancement.
65
Define Culture.
The shared beliefs, practices, customs, and behaviors of a particular group of people.
66
Define Society.
A group of individuals who share a common culture, interact with one another, and live in a defined geographical area.
67
Define Socialization.
The lifelong process of learning culture and norms.
68
Define Norms.
Rules and expectations that guide behavior.
69
Define Mores.
Strongly held norms with moral significance.
70
Define Folkways.
Socially approved but not morally significant norms.
71
Define Ethnocentrism.
The belief that one’s own culture is superior to others.
72
Define Xenocentrism.
The belief that another culture is superior to one’s own.
73
Explain the importance of culture in society.
Culture provides identity, unity, traditions, and social norms.
74
Differentiate between Acculturation and Assimilation.
Acculturation is the process of adopting cultural traits from another group, while assimilation is when a minority group gradually adopts the culture of a dominant group.
75
Differentiate between Folkways and Mores.
Folkways are socially approved but not morally significant norms, while mores are strongly held norms with moral significance.
76
Differentiate between Ethnocentrism and Cultural Relativism.
Ethnocentrism is the belief that one’s own culture is superior to others, while cultural relativism is the idea that cultures should be understood based on their own values and norms.
77
List and describe the different types of societies.
Foraging societies, agricultural societies, industrial societies, and horticultural societies.
78
What are the major functions of society?
Includes social order, cultural transmission, economic stability, and governance.
79
How does cultural change occur? Give examples.
Cultural change occurs through processes such as discovery, diffusion, invention, acculturation, and assimilation.
80
What are the elements of culture?
Language, symbols, norms, values, and technology.
81
Discuss how culture is learned and transmitted across generations.
Culture is learned through enculturation, socialization, and observation.
82
Why do societies create norms, and how do they impact behavior?
Societies create norms to guide behavior and maintain social order.
83
What is the difference between invention, diffusion, and discovery in cultural change?
Invention is the creation of new cultural elements, diffusion is the spread of cultural elements from one society to another, and discovery is the process of finding something that already exists.

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