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Review Flashcards

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1
Q

One-celled microorganisms with both plant and animal characteristics are?

A

Bacteria

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2
Q

Nonpathogenic bacteria are?

A

Harmless

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3
Q

The type of bacteria that rarely shows any active motility is?

A

Cocci

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4
Q

Together, the active stage and inactive, or spore forming stage of bacteria are referred to as the?

A

Life cycle of bacteria

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5
Q

Inflammation is characterized by which of the following?

A

Heat, swelling, pain

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6
Q

A sign of a bacterial infection is the presence of?

A

Pus

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7
Q

A disease that is transmitted from one person to another is called?

A

Communicable

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8
Q

Microscopic plant parasites that include molds, mildew, and yeasts are?

A

Fungi

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9
Q

A reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals, or other normally harmless substances is an?

A

Allergy

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10
Q

A safe and useful type of disinfectant, commonly known as quats, is?

A

Quaternary ammonium compounds

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11
Q

Which of the following is a drawback to using phenolic disinfectants?

A

Can cause some metals to rust, can damage plastic and rubber, are known carcinogens

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12
Q

The protoplasm of a cell that surrounds the nucleus is the?

A

Cytoplasm

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13
Q

The tissue the binds together, protects, and supports parts of the body?

A

Connective tissue

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14
Q

The inner and larger bone of the forearm, attached at the wrist and located on the side of the little finger is?

A

Ulna

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15
Q

The muscle of the scalp that raises the eyebrow, draws the scalp forward, and causes wrinkles across the forehead is the?

A

Frontails

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16
Q

The muscle of the neck that lowers and rotates the head is the?

A

Sternocleidomastoideus

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17
Q

The ring muscle of the eye socket that enables you to close your eyes is the?

A

Orbicularis oculi

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18
Q

The muscle the draws the eyebrow down and wrinkles the forehead vertically is the?

A

Corrugator muscle

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19
Q

The largest and most complex nerve tissue of the body is the

A

Brain

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20
Q

The largest of the cranial nerves is the

A

Fifth cranial nerve

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21
Q

Insulin, adrenaline, and estrogen are examples of?

A

Hormones

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22
Q

The surface of healthy skin should be slightly?

A

Acidic

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23
Q

All of the following are appendages of the skin except..?

A

Pineal gland

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24
Q

The clear, transparent layer just under the stratum corneum that consists of small cells through which light can pass, is the?

A

Stratum lucidum

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25
The stratum germinativum is composed of several layers with special cells that produce a dark skin pigment?
Melanin
26
The layer of the dermis that houses the nerve endings which provide the body with the sense of touch is found in the?
Papillary layer
27
The deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients is the?
Reticular layer
28
Fatty tissue found below the dermis is?
Subcutaneous tissue
29
Which type of nerve fibers carry impulses from the brain to the muscles?
Motor
30
The melanin produced by the body that is red to yellow in color is?
Pheomelanin
31
When sebum hardens and the sebaceous duct becomes clogged, the pore impaction that is formed is a?
Comedo
32
What are the functions of the skin?
Sensation, excretion, heat regulation
33
A freckle is an example of a mark on the skin called a?
Lesion
34
A flat spot or discoloration on the skin is a?
Macule
35
An abnormal cell mass that varies in size, color and shape is a?
Tumor
36
A think scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue is known as a?
Keloid
37
An open lesion of the skin or mucous membrane, accompanied by pus and characterized by loss of skin depth, is a?
Ulcer
38
Benign, keratin filled cysts the appear just under the epidermis and have no visible opening...
Milia
39
A contagious, recurring viral infection characterized by fever blisters or cold sores is?
Herpes simplex
40
The absence of melanin pigmentation of the body is known as?
Albinism
41
The most common and least severe type of skin cancer is?
Basal cell carcinoma
42
``` Which of the following is not an intrinsic skin-aging factor? Gravity Genetic aging Facial expressions Sun exposure ```
Sun exposure
43
The rays of the sun that cause sunburns and tanning and are also known as burning rays are?
UVB rays
44
The natural nail is part of what system?
Integumentary
45
The water content of the natural nail directly affects the nails?
Flexibility
46
The nail plate is constructed of how many layers of nail cells?
100
47
The area of the nail where the nail plate cells are formed is the?
Matrix
48
``` Minor damage to the matrix that produces a whitish discoloration or white spots on the nails is? Leukonychia Melanonychia Hangnail Nail fungus ```
Leukonychia
49
``` Split or brittle nails with a series of lengthwise ridges and a rough appearance to the surface of the nail plate is... Onychophagy Onychophosis Onychorrhexis Plicatured nails ```
Onychorrhexis
50
Laws are also called?
Statues
51
A highly curved nail plate often called "folded nail" caused by injury to the matrix or inherited is...
Plicatured nail
52
Parasites that under some conditions can cause infections to the feet and hands are...?
Fungi
53
The naturally occurring skin bacterium that can grow out of control and cause nail infections, incorrectly referred to as mold, is?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
54
Inflammation of the nail matrix followed by shredding of the nail plate is...?
Onychia
55
The lifting of the nail plate from the bed without shedding is a sign of?
Onycholysis
56
``` The five main structures of the hair root include all of the following EXCEPT Hair follicle Dermal papilla Arrector pili muscle Epidermis ```
Epidermis
57
The pocket or tube-like depression in the scalp or skin that contains the hair root is the?
Follicle
58
The substance secreted by the sebaceous glands is called?
Sebum
59
The units of structure that build protein and are joined together end to end like pop beads are
Amino acids
60
The three different types of side bonds are?
Hydrogen, salt, disulfide
61
Hydroxide chemical relaxers break disulfide bonds and convert them to...?
Lanthionine bonds
62
All natural hair color is the result of pigment located in the cortex is called?
Melanin
63
The resting phase or final phase of the hair cycle that lasts until the fully grown hair is shed is the?
Telogen phase
64
The sudden falling out of hair in round patches or baldness in spots is?
Alopecia areata
65
A condition that is characterized by brittleness and the formation of nodular swellings along the hair shaft is?
Trichorrhexis nodosa
66
A highly contagious skin disease caused by a parasite called a mite is?
Scabies
67
An infection of the hair and scalp with head lice is?
Pediculosis capitis
68
An acute, localized bacterial infection of the hair follicle that produces constant pain is a?
Furuncle
69
The thickness or diameter of the individual hair strand is referred to as hair.....
Texture
70
The measurement that describes the number of individual hair strands on 1 square inch of the scalp is?
Density
71
Dry hair and scalp should be treated with products that contain moisturizers and...?
Emollients
72
Change in the form of a substance that does not cause a chemical reaction is a...?
Physical change
73
A chemical combination of matter in definite proportions is a?
Pure substance
74
Air contains many substances, including nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor, and is an example of a...?
Physical mixture

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