review

Question 1

What are two specific organizations that supported the temperance and prohibition movements?

Answer 1

The Women’s Christian Temperance Union and the Anti- Saloon League supported the prohibition movement.

Question 2

What is Prohibition?

Answer 2

Prohibition was the banning of manufacture, distribution, and sale.

Question 3

What are speakeasies?

Answer 3

Speakeasies were secret and illegal clubs where alcohol was sold- major part of the 1920s.

Question 4

What did the 18th amendment do?

Answer 4

The 18th amendment was prohibition- banning the manufacture, distribution, and sale of alcohol.

Question 5

What did the 19th amendment do?

Answer 5

The 19th amendment gave women the right to vote.

Question 6

What did the 21st amendment do?

Answer 6

The 21st amendment repealed the 18th amendment.

Question 7

Who are bootleggers and moonshiners?

Answer 7

Bootleggers and moonshiners made alcohol to sell and distribute illegally.

Question 8

What was the number of federal officers who were charged the task of enforcing Prohibition?

Answer 8

1,500 federal officers were charged to enforce Prohibition.

Question 9

Explain the Great Migration.

Answer 9

The Great Migration occurred when African Americans from southern states to northern cities. They were looking for job opportunities, escape of racism throughout 1910-1920.

Question 10

What percentage of the country supported Prohibition in the LATE 1920s?

Answer 10

19% of the country supported Prohibition in the late 1920s.

Question 11

What happened during and was the result of the Scopes Trial?

Answer 11

In result of the Scopes Trial, Scopes lost and was fined $100. Due to this there was widespread popularity of the event.

Question 12

Explain the importance of installment plans in American society during the 1920s

Answer 12

Installment plans were a system of credit where payments for purchases are made in “installments” over time. Americans bought 60-75 percent of cars, 80-90 percent of furniture, 75 percent of washing machines, 65 percent of vacuum cleaners, 18- 25 percents of jewelry, 75 percent of radios, and 80 percent of photographs on installment plans.

Question 13

What was described as a period of great African American artistic achievement?

Answer 13

Harlem Renaissance was described as a period of great African American artistic achievement.

Question 14

Who was the most famous African American poet of the Harlem-Renaissance?

Answer 14

Langston Hughes was the most famous African American poet of the Harlem Renaissance.

Question 15

Who was John Scopes?

Answer 15

John Scopes was a science teacher who was arrested for teaching the theory of evolution.

Question 16

What effect did the Great Migration have on cities in the 1920s?

Answer 16

Some of the effects of the Great Migration in cities during the 1920s included racism, riots, protests, and conflicts with natives.

Question 17

Who was Louis Armstrong?

Answer 17

Louis Armstrong was a famous jazz musician during the Harlem Renaissance. He was thought of as the best trumpet player of all time.

Question 18

Explain the Hawley-Smoot Tariff.

Answer 18

The Hawley-Smoot Tariff was passed to raise tariffs and reduced trade with other countries. It hurt the American GDP.

Question 19

What did an overproduction of crops that was started during the Great Depression lead to?

Answer 19

The overproduction of crops led to a drop in prices for products, which greatly hurt the Agriculture Industry.

Question 20

What did Bank-Runs lead to?

Answer 20

The Bank Runs led to the collapse of the economy, and also a main cause of the Great Depression.

Question 21

What are two main causes of the stock market crash?

Answer 21

One main cause of the stock market crash was buying on margin- credit. Another cause was stock market speculation and bad banking investments.

Question 22

Which person was blamed for the Great Depression?

Answer 22

Herbert Hoover was blamed for the Great Depression.

Question 23

What were Hoovervilles and why were they named that?

Answer 23

Hoovervilles were shelters that were built by homeless during the depression. They were named that because Hoover was blamed for the Great Depression.

Question 24

What was the Bonus Army? What happened to the Bonus Army?

Answer 24

The Bonus Army was a group of WWI veterans who marched in the capital, wanting the bonuses that they were promised from fighting in WWI. Hoover sent in the military, which tear gassed and shot among the veterans and their families.

Question 25

Which of Roosevelt’s programs helped farmers and how?

Answer 25

The AAA helped farmers by paying them to reduce production.

Question 26

List 3 federal programs of the New Deal and briefly explain them.

Answer 26

FDIC- Provides deposit insurance for bankers and reestablished trust in American banks. Reform- Long-lasting and used to prevent future banking problems as well as corruption. Prevent bank runs and banks collapsing. Recovery- This also helped the economy by stabilizing the banks and helping to give people a way to trust them again which was needed. SSA- Foundations of modern welfare- used to help the elderly, unemployed, and children. Also helped to provide medical insurance to those in need. Relief- This was used to provide assistance immediately to those in need- getting Americans back on their feet. Reform- Set foundations for modern day programs that are used to help those in need, which helps keep America out of poverty. NRA- Created “fair practices” and set prices. Recovery- Stabilized the economy by providing stable wages and jobs to the people so they could help the circulation of money. Reform- This is a lasting effect of the Great Depression, it was used to prevent overly high prices and to promote worker safety as well as regulations in relation to production and workers. Ended corruption.

Question 27

Which New Deal program most directly tried to help farmers struggling in the Dust Bowl?

Answer 27

The AAA most directly tried to help farmers during the Dust Bowl because they were being paid even though they couldn’t produce anything.

Question 28

What was the percentage of Americans unemployed during the Great Depression?

Answer 28

25% of Americans were unemployed during the Great Depression.

Question 29

Why did many people move west to California in the 1930s?

Answer 29

Many people moved to west California in the 1930s because of the Dust- Bowl.

Question 30

What were three main causes of the Dust-Bowl?

Answer 30

Three main causes of the Dust-Bowl were poor farming techniques, drought, and build up of static-electricity.

Question 31

What effect does overproduction have on prices?

Answer 31

Overproduction greatly reduces prices.

Question 32

What is the FDIC?

Answer 32

The FDIC was a federal company that insures money deposits so that people don’t lose all of their money, like they did in the Great Depression. Modern Day: insures up to $800,000

Question 33

Explain what impact the Great Migration had on cities after WWI.

Answer 33

The Great Migration brought out Nativist groups such as the Ku Klux Klan, who were strongly against anyone who brought in new cultures and ideas. This movement led to tension which caused tension which led to violence and riots. Some of the positive impacts included new music, poetry, and art. The Harlem Renaissance resulted in the Great Migration.

Question 34

Explain what the Harlem Renaissance was and describe the impact it had on race relations throughout the north.

Answer 34

The Harlem Renaissance was the name of a cultural, social, and artistic movement that took place in Harlem, New York. It occurred after the end of WWI and through the mid 1930s. Harlem was seen as a cultural center. White northerners saw this in a positive way because they wanted to experience new things. There were negative relations with nativist that led to violence.

Question 35

Describe how the federal government’s monetary policies, stock market speculation, and increasing consumer debt (Credit) led to the Great Depression.

Answer 35

Monetary policies occurred when the government didn’t do anything to stop the corruption in the banking businesses, so the banks were able to continue to give out huge loans involved with stocks and other things, as well as other illegal actions. Stock Market speculation was when companies lied about the profits they were making, so people bought stocks in these companies to make a profit. However, the stocks were overvalued and when the stock market crashed people lost much more money than they thought. Consumer debt became an issue as people were buying insane amounts of items on credit because the banks were giving out all sorts of loans. But, consumers were not able to pay back their debt so they continued to build up their debt. In order to pay this back, consumers stopped spending so much, which hurt production and workers were laid off. This hurt the money circulation.

Question 36

Explain the importance of debt and bank failures in contributing to the worst years of the Depression.

Answer 36

One importance of the debt and bank failures was the lack of money circulation in the economy. Consumer purchasing was reduced. Due to this prices dropped and manufacturers were forced to lay off workers. This only worsened the situation as less and less money was in circulation. Americans were unable to get loans and credit was basically gone since it couldn’t be paid back. In addition, bank runs occurred when people would rush to banks and tried to withdraw their savings, before it was gone. This led to around 50% of all banks closing in the United States. Banks were no longer trusted.

Question 37

Explain how the efforts to combat the Great Depression led to an expanded role for the federal government.

Answer 37

For the first time, the government became involved in private industries, which took away from the idea of Laissez-faire. The Great Depression also created new government programs. One of these programs was modern day welfare. This was the first time that the government began to provide safety for the elderly, jobless, disabled, and the poor.

Question 38

Identify New Deal programs that continue to the present time.

Answer 38

FDIC, SSA- Welfare, AAA- Agricultural Adjustment Act, NRA- National Recovery Administration, NLRB- National Labor Relations Board, SEC,

Question 39

What is an isolationist?

Answer 39

An isolationist is someone who believes that their country should stay out of any affairs with other countries (economic, military, and politics).

Question 40

What is an interventionist?

Answer 40

An interventionist is someone who believes their country should become involved in conflicts and affairs with other countries (economic, military, and politics).

Question 41

Provide 3 reasons for isolationism

Answer 41

Some reasons for isolationism include: effects/consequences of WWI, the Great Depression, and the United States has some safety due to the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

Question 42

Provide 3 reasons for interventionism

Answer 42

Some reasons for interventionism include: helping the economy (in response to the Great Depression), keeping relations with allies by assisting them, and because the actions taken (by the Japanese) were terrible and needed to be stopped.

Question 43

What is the lend-lease act?

Answer 43

The lend- lease act allowed the United States could sends supplies to allies who were in war or conflict and America would receive credit- no cash. This ended America’s neutrality in WWII.

Question 44

What is the cash and carry policy?

Answer 44

The cash and carry policy forced American allies to pay in cash and carry the products from American ports if they wanted to purchase supplies.

Question 45

What were the neutrality acts?

Answer 45

The neutrality acts were a series of laws that made it illegal to sell anything to any country involved in war, even America’s allies.