Review

Question 1

Which neurons are nociceptors activity transmitted?

Answer 1

by alpha-delta myelinated and unmyelinated C fibers

Question 2

A patient reports persistent pain along a rib on the anterior and posterior surface of his chest. There were numerous vesicles noted in a stripe fashion, but these abated about 9 weeks ago. Which is the most likely cause of this symptomology?

Answer 2

postherapeutic neuralgia

Question 3

A patient is attempting to draw more blood flow to a painful area through relaxation techniques. This technique is called?

Answer 3

biofeedback

Question 4

Hyperpathia

Answer 4

exaggerated pain to nociceptive stimuli, pain that continues even after pain stimuli is removed

Question 5

paresthesia

Answer 5

spontaneous, unpleasant sensations, feelings “pins and needles”, “tingling, prickling, “falling asleep”

Question 6

hyperaglesia

Answer 6

increased sensitivity to pan

Question 7

allodynia

Answer 7

pain after non-noxious stimuli

Question 8

hypalgesia

Answer 8

reduced pain sensation

Question 9

analegsia

Answer 9

absence of pain

Question 10

Elizabeth experiences intense pain initiated by light touch that should not normally induce pain

Answer 10

allodynia

Question 11

Heartburn is most likely the consequence of what?

Answer 11

an esophageal spasm, backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus, and stimulation of the esophageal sensory nerve endings

Question 12

The factors that increase the risk of developing ulcerative colitis are believed to include which of the following?

Answer 12

genetics, environmental risks, and immunologic disorders

Question 13

Ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease share several similarities. Specific distinctions or differences that are unique to Crohn disease include which of the following?

Answer 13

pain that is severe and localized, smoking increases the risk, and primary affecting the proximal portion of the colon

Question 14

Appendicitis is one of the most common abdominal conditions requiring emergency surgery. Although its symptoms sometimes overlap with those of other abdominal disorders, appendicitis is initially characterized by which of the following?

Answer 14

nausea, vomiting, constipation, migrating lower-right quadrant pain, and periumbilical pain

Question 15

Which of the following is a common but serious consequence of progressive inflammation of diverticula (diverticulitis)?

Answer 15

peritonitis, intestinal obstruction, bowel abscesses, and bowel wall perforation

Question 16

The pituitary gland produces a hormone that is a potent anabolic agent that causes the development of all tissues of the body that are capable of responding to it. This hormone is called

Answer 16

growth hormone

Question 17

The most significant regulator of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) release is?

Answer 17

osmotic pressure of plasma

Question 18

The pathology of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) secretion, leading to dilution of serum and an excess of water relative to solute, produces

Answer 18

hemoconcentration and falsely high Hb

Question 19

An enlarged thyroid gland produces a colloid goiter when

Answer 19

lack of Iodine prevents T3 and T4 formation but without stopping thyrogobulin formation

Question 20

If the cause of hypercortisolism is an adrenal tumor, which option is indicated?

Answer 20

unilateral removal of the affected gland

Question 21

The origin of congenital adrenal hyperplasia occurs when circulating cortisol levels

Answer 21

are insufficient to provide negative feedback to the anterior pituitary gland