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Introduction to pharmacology > review for final > Flashcards

review for final Flashcards

1
Q

what are some things you need to do before giving an injection?

A
  • wash hands and don gloves
  • confirm medication label 3 times
  • clean vial
  • clean injection site
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2
Q

how many needles are used in the process for an injection you have to draw up?

A

2 (needle dulls after puncturing vial)

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3
Q

what are the injection angles?

A

IM - 90 degrees
ID - 10-15 degrees
SQ - 45 degrees

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4
Q

what are the 3 types of injections?

A

intramuscular - muscle
intradermal - upper layer of skin
subcutaneous - fatty tissue

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5
Q

what is the proper way to clean the skin before an injection?

A

aseptic technique - circular motion starting at the middle

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6
Q

how do you properly secure an injection site before administering?

A

hold the patients skin taught

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7
Q

what are 2 ways to get rid of air bubbles?

A
  • flicking syringe
  • drawing out extra medication
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8
Q

what is the proper way to administer oral meds to a patient?

A

drop pills into the bottles cap, then transfer to a cup

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9
Q

study of drugs

A

pharmacology

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10
Q

what are the 3 major label requirements for pregnancy drugs?

A
  • pregnancy (includes labor and delivery)
  • lactation
  • females and males of reproductive potential
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11
Q

what are some other things listed on pregnancy drugs?

A
  • risks
  • potential effects on infant
  • infertility info
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12
Q

where can you find more information on drugs?

A

physicians desk reference and epocrates

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13
Q

what 5 things does a drug label contain?

A
  • warnings
  • active ingredients
  • use of medication
  • amount of each dose
  • when to contact pharmacist
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14
Q

what is the difference between the generic and trade name?

A

generic - active ingredients are the “name”
trade - name given by the manufacturer

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15
Q

why do we inject air into the vials?

A

prevents air bubbles and creates a vaccumn like effect

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16
Q

what are the needle gauges for the different injections?

A

ID: 26-28 G
SQ: 25-27 G
IM: 20-23 G

17
Q

protective cover that goes over the needle before disposal

A

safety device

18
Q

what is the best way to prevent needle stick injuries?

A

immediately use safety device and dispose needle into sharps container

19
Q

what are 3 sharps container safety tips?

A
  • wear gloves while handling
  • drop needles with sharp pointing down (never push)
  • keep closed while not in use
20
Q

when should you no longer use a sharps container?

A

2/3 full

21
Q

what is the difference between a sharps container and biohazard bag?

A

sharps - puncture proof and used for needles
biohazard - used for bodily fluids

22
Q

what items do you need before giving an injection?

A
  • 2 needles
  • gloves
  • syringe
  • alcohol wipes
  • band aids
  • medication
23
Q

how do you open the syringe and needle package?

A
  • open the least sterile part away from you
  • hold syringe by the barrel to prevent contamination
24
Q

what 3 things should you do when entering the patients room?

A
  • introduce yourself while washing hands
  • identify patient
  • state the reason youre there
25
Q

what do you do after a patients appt has ended and they have left the room?

A

clean the room (wipes surfaces and change bed cover)

26
Q

how can you reassure a patient who is nervous for injections?

A
  • do not show them the needle
  • distract them by making conversation or complimenting
  • ask if they want a countdown
  • let them know the pain is temporary
  • for children: bribe them
27
Q

what is the Z track method and what is it used for?

A

pinching and pulling skin to the side during IM injections to avoid medication coming back up

28
Q

what are the rules for converting from one unit to another?

A

move the decimal:
smaller to larger - 3 times to the left
larger to smaller - 3 times to the right

29
Q

what do you do if the needle comes out during your injection but there is still medication in the syringe?

A

remove the needle and replace it with a new one to reinject

30
Q

what is important when documenting numbers for measurements?

A

always include unit of measurement

31
Q

what time frame does a patient have to get their TB test read?

A

48-72 hours

32
Q

what do you look for when reading a TB test?

A

a reaction (swelling, redness, irritation)

33
Q

who can read a TB test?

A
  • MA
  • Physician
  • other clinical staff with a title
34
Q

what Rx may be called into a pharmacy?

A

all except schedule II drugs

35
Q

drug to prevent cough

A

antitussive

36
Q

drug used to reduce inflammation

A

anti-inflammatory

37
Q

drugs used to dilate the bronchi (airway) to increase air flow

A

bronchodilator

38
Q

drug to lower blood pressure

A

anyihypertensive

39
Q

who can prescribe, administer, and dispense meds?

A

prescribe - physician
administer - MA
dispense - pharmacist

Introduction to pharmacology (6 decks)

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