review Q for connective, neuro & micro

Question 1

fixer in many silver techniques
extraneous reducer
oxidizer

Answer 1

fixer= sodium thiosulfate

extraneous reducer = formaldehyde

oxidizer= potassium permanganate

Question 2

what is stained with the smallest dye molecule in trichrome method

Answer 2

RBC

Question 3

which methods use parosanaline ( basic fuchsin )

Answer 3

Gomoris aldehyde fuchsin =yes
Luxol fast blue- PAS = Yes
Kinyoun= Yes

masson’s trichrome= NO

Question 4

what is the mordant & oxidizer in Verhoeffs hematoxylin

Answer 4

ferric chloride ( differentiator & mordant) 
iodine ( mordant & oxidizes hematoxylin to hematien)

Question 5

what is a control for Resorcin fuchsin staining

Answer 5

• stains elastic fibers

control = aorta

Question 6

what is the function of bouins fluid in trichrome

Answer 6

mordant - makes staining more brilliant

Question 7

Reticulin under certain conditions is PAS positive, it is also

Answer 7

Argyrophilic= requires an extraneous reducer

Question 8

in silver impregnantion technique improperly cleaned glassware may result in

Answer 8

false positive

Question 9

what is a sarcoma

what is carcinoma

Answer 9

sarcoma = a malignant neoplasm derived from connective tissue

carcinoma= a malignant neoplasm derived from epithelium ( car drives on top)

Question 10

reticulin staining depends on the presence of

Answer 10

carbohydrates

Question 11

Astrocytes can be demonstrated by which stainign technique

Answer 11

Cajal

Question 12

section sfor myelin should be cut at what thickness

Answer 12

10-15micrometers

3- biopsies
5-6 = routine
6-8 = nissl substance

Question 13

sections for Jones methenamine silver (JMS) should be cut at what thickness

Answer 13

basement membrane ( kidney) = 3 micrometers

Question 14

which stains are for alziehmers diagnosis

Answer 14

Bielschowsky =
PAS= amyloid
Gallya =

Weil demonstrates myelin - doesnt help with diagnosis

Question 15

demonstration of myelin in tissues depends on the presence of

Answer 15

lipids ( phospholipids)

Question 16

Chromatolysis refers to loss of

Answer 16

nissl substance ( closest to nucleus)

Question 17

Luxol fast blue has a structural formula closely related to

Answer 17

Alcian blue

Question 18

Hydroquinine is used as a

Answer 18

reducer ( so is formaldehyde)

Question 19

Acid fast stains may be falsely negative if this fixative is used

Answer 19

Alcoholic formalin ( alcohol can dissolve AFB)

Carnoy

Question 20

in Kinyoun the target organism stain is what color

Answer 20

red

- kinyoun and zeil neilson are both dye methods that use carbol fuchsin to stain AFB

Question 21

does PAS stain fungi

Answer 21

yes- least specific tho

Question 22

what does Zeihl neilson stain

Answer 22

AFB ( so does kinyoun)

Question 23

what deos warthin starry stain q

Answer 23

spirochetes

Question 24

what does Giemsa stain

Answer 24

H.pylori

Question 25

Carbol fuchsin methods are specific for

Answer 25

Acid fast Bacilli - can be used to diagnose TB too ( along with kinyouin)

Question 26

are spirochetes argarophilic or argentaphilic

Answer 26

they are are Argyrophilic

Question 27

which method reuqires a lot of prep work & pre warmining

Answer 27

Warthin starry

Question 28

which method would give a weak positive for Nocardia asteroides

Answer 28

Nocardia is partially acid fast | - KInyouin

Question 29

what will bind Aldehyde fuchsin

Answer 29

Elastin & Schiff reagent

Question 30

what type of tissue is examined for the presence of H.pylor

Answer 30

Gastric antrum

Question 31

what stains Spirochetes

Answer 31

steiner & steiner warthin starry Dieterle

Question 32

what does grocott stain

Answer 32

fungi

Question 33

beta cells of the pancreas & pituitary gland stain deep purple with this stain

Answer 33

Gomoris aldehyde fuchsin

Question 34

what is stained by Movat pentachrome

Answer 34

mucus, muscle, fibrin , elastin fibers, collagen

Question 35

brown & hopps stains

Answer 35

Gram Neg

Question 36

Brown & Bren stains

Answer 36

Gram pos

Question 37

Lungs showing granulomatous lesions on H& E are generally stained with techniques to demonstrate

Answer 37

Fungus or acid fast bacilli

Question 38

a PAS stained control for fungus is overatined & ID is difficult, this is a problem with

Answer 38

Periodic acid oxidiation ( not stong like chromic acid)

Question 39

insoluble compnents that resist decoloriztion in kinyouin method are likely caused by

Answer 39

sections allowed to dry before differentiation

Question 40

which pair of reagents is used as sensitizing reagents in metallic impregnantion

Answer 40

``` silver nitrate ( used in belchowsky ) and ferric ammonium sulfate ( used in gordon & sweets) ```

Question 41

acid fast stain for leprosy ( fite stain)

Answer 41

xylene & peanut oil

Question 42

what is the best stain to use as a screen fpr TB in s a suspected lung cancer stain

Answer 42

Auramine O ( fluorescnce for a quick screen- not a diagnosis)

Question 43

a silver stained slide looks good, a ,onth later it has black precipitates all over this is due to

Answer 43

failure to use sodium thiosulfate

Question 44

screen for Histoplasma capsulatum should use what stain

Answer 44

Grocott is the best method ( Gridley Giemsa & PAS are other fungi stains )

Question 45

what causes sections to wash of slides during staining

Answer 45

alkalinity | - silver stains have alkaline silver solutions

Question 46

too little silver development causes

Answer 46

yellow staining ( in silver staining goes from yellow to brown to black )

Question 47

what AFB technique is best for small numbers of organisms

Answer 47

Auramine & rhodamine ( fluorescence )

Question 48

a slide for fungus us overstained with PAS, hot to correct this

Answer 48

cut a new one and treat with diastase

Question 49

if fungi are to be demonstrated a good counterstain for PAS is

Answer 49

light green

Question 50

in the gridley procedure the aldeyhyde fuchsin stain will attach to

Answer 50

the schiff reagent

Question 51

To differentiate Cryptococcus neoformans from other yeast like fungi, which of the following should be performed

Answer 51

Mayer mucicarmine

Question 52

the difference between cryptococcus neoformans & other yeast like bacteria is that

Answer 52

cryptococcus has a capsule containing mucin

Question 53

in the holzer technique, glial fibers are stained with

Answer 53

crystal violet

Question 54

a method that can be used to demonstrated senile plaques is

Answer 54

Bielschowsky

Question 55

Neuron cell bodies are found primairly in the

Answer 55

grey matter of the central nervous system

Question 56

Spinal cord is a good control for which of the following

Answer 56

Weil

Question 57

Glial fibers are stained blue by

Answer 57

Phosphotungstic acid -hematoxyling

Question 58

macroscopic evaluation can be used to judge the following techniques

Answer 58

Weil

Question 59

the PAS staine differs from Gridley technique in the

Answer 59

oxidizer used

Question 60

Arifactual precipitate seen in Groccott stain may be the result of using

Answer 60

glassware that was not chemically cleaned

Question 61

carbol-fuchsin methods are specific for

Answer 61

mycobacteria

Question 62

the auromine-rhodamine technique will demonstrate

Answer 62

mycobcaterium tuberculosis

Question 63

carbol fuchsin contains

Answer 63

basic fuchsin & phenol

Question 64

stains for demonstration of spirochetes are based on their

Answer 64

Argarophilia

Question 65

what is an example of physical staining

Answer 65

oil red O

Question 66

fat is chemically fixed & maintained in tissue by

Answer 66

osmium tetraoxide

Question 67

plasma cells can be demonstrated with

Answer 67

methyl green pyronin

Question 68

when ferric ammonium sulfate is used in silver stain for reticulin, its function is

Answer 68

sensitizer

Question 69

Mallory PTAH solution is ripened for immediate use by

Answer 69

potassium permanganate

Question 70

when used in silver stain for reticulin, phosphomolybdic acid functions as the

Answer 70

oxidizer