Review Questions: Medical Terminology

Question 1

What is anatomy?

Answer 1

The study of large structures

Question 2

What is physiology?

Answer 2

The study of functions

Question 3

What is histology?

Answer 3

The study of microscopic structures

Question 4

What is pathology?

Answer 4

The study of disease

Question 5

What is disease?

Answer 5

an abnormal structure and/or function

Question 6

What is a symptom of disease?

Answer 6

Something experienced by a person

Question 7

List 3 examples of symptoms of a disease:

Answer 7

1. Dizziness
2. Nausea
3. Chills

Question 8

What is a sign of disease?

Answer 8

an observable indication

Question 9

List 3 examples of songs signs of a disease:

Answer 9

1. Fever
2. Abnormal skin color
3. Abnormal pulse rate

Question 10

What is an infection?

Answer 10

When microorganisms destroy normal, healthy tissue

Question 11

What is the difference between local infection and a systemic infection?

Answer 11

A local infection affects a small area where as a systemic infection affects the whole body

Question 12

What is inflammation?

Answer 12

Protective tissue response

Question 13

What are the characteristics of inflammation?

Answer 13

redness, swelling, heat, & pain

Question 14

What is a fever?

Answer 14

an elevated body temperature

Question 15

What is homeostasis?

Answer 15

Internal balance & harmony

Question 16

What happens when the body’s homeostasis is disturbed?

Answer 16

The body may experience signs and symptoms of disease

Question 17

What is stress?

Answer 17

Anything that causes tension or strain

Question 18

What are some of the ways that stress influences the body?

Answer 18

Tension and/or stress

Question 19

What are the three primary planes that divide the body?

Answer 19

Sagittal plane, coronal plane, transverse plane

Question 20

Which plane divides the body into left and right parts?

Answer 20

Sagittal

Question 21

Which plane divides the body into left and right halves?

Answer 21

Midsagittal

Question 22

Which plane divides the body into anterior and posterior parts?

Answer 22

Coronal

Question 23

What is another word for anterior?

Answer 23

Ventral 

Question 24

What is another word for posterior?

Answer 24

Dorsal

Question 25

Which plane divides the body into superior and inferior portions?

Answer 25

Transverse

Question 26

What is another word for superior?

Answer 26

Cranial

Question 27

What is another word for inferior?

Answer 27

Caudial

Question 28

Describe the body into the erect position:

Answer 28

The body is in a standing position

Question 29

Describe the body in the anatomic position:

Answer 29

The body is standing with the arms hanging to the side, palms facing forward

Question 30

Describe the body in the supine position:

Answer 30

The body is lying in a horizontal position with the face and palms turned up

Question 31

Describe the body in the prone position:

Answer 31

The body is lying in the horizontal position with the face and palms turned down

Question 32

Describe a body in the lateral recumbent position:

Answer 32

The body is lying horizontally on either the right of left side

Question 33

Place the following words in order from least complex to most complex: “organ, cell, system, tissue”

Answer 33

Cell- tissue- organ- system

Question 34

What is the integumentary system?

Answer 34

The outer covering of the body (skin)

Question 35

What is the largest organ of the body?

Answer 35

The skin

Question 36

What is the functions of the skin?

Answer 36

Protection, heat regulation, secretion & excretion, sensation, absorption, and respiration

Question 37

What is the key words for describing the skeletal system?

Answer 37

Framework, support, and protection

Question 38

What are the key words for describing the muscular system?

Answer 38

Muscle and movements

Question 39

What are the key words for describing the nervous system?

Answer 39

Controls and coordinates

Question 40

What are the key words for describing the digestive system?

Answer 40

Breaks down food

Question 41

What are the key words for describing the excretory system?

Answer 41

Eliminate waste products

Question 42

What are the key words for describing the respiratory system?

Answer 42

Gas exchange

Question 43

What are the key words for describing the cardiovascular system?

Answer 43

Circulation of blood

Question 44

What are the key words for describing the lymphatic system?

Answer 44

Assists in the exchange of supplies

Question 45

What are the key words for describing the endocrine system?

Answer 45

Glands and hormones

Question 46

What are the key words for describing the reproductive system?

Answer 46

Continuance of the species

Question 47

What are the two major groups of the body cavities?

Answer 47

the dorsal (posterior) cavities and the ventral (anterior) cavities

Question 48

what organs are found in the dorsal cavities?

Answer 48

the brain and spinal cord

Question 49

what is the name of the cavity that contains the brain?

Answer 49

the cranial cavity

Question 50

what is the name of the cavity that contains the spinal cord?

Answer 50

the spinal cavity

Question 51

what are the two major division of the ventral cavities?

Answer 51

the thoracic cavity and the abdominal cavity

Question 52

what is found in the thoracic cavity?

Answer 52

the pericardial cavity and the pleural cavities

Question 53

what is the name of the cavity that contains the heart?

Answer 53

the pericardial cavity

Question 54

what is the name of the cavity that contains the lungs?

Answer 54

the pleural cavity

Question 55

what is found in the abdominal cavity?

Answer 55

the liver, stomach, spleen, pancreas, and the small and large intestines

Question 56

what is the pelvic cavity and where is it found?

Answer 56

contains the bladder, rectum, and some of the reproductive organs. The pelvic cavity is the lower third of the abdominal cavity

Question 57

what are the 3 main kinds of compounds that provide nourishment for the body?

Answer 57

proteins, carbohydrates, fats

Question 58

what breaks food down in the digestive tract?

Answer 58

enzymes in the intestines

Question 59

what happens to complex food molecules in the digestive tract?

Answer 59

large molecules are split into smaller units that pass through the walls of the intestine into the blood stream

Question 60

what does the body’s tissues do with the smaller units of food?

Answer 60

the blood carries the smaller units to all tissues of the body to be used for fuel or as building blocks for new and growing tissue