Review Session 3 Flashcards
(15 cards)
What is a Plasmid?
Circular Pieces of Bacteria DNA, seperate from the main genome.
What is PCR
A method in which scientist are able to clone segments of DNA through the use of polymerase and restriction enzymes
Gel Electrophoresis
A biotechnological process to seperate DNA fragments to get a rough estimate on the sizes of the Fragments, based on their distance and band size
DNA Ligase
An enzyme which recombines separated DNA strands to form new cloned DNA.
Kreb Cycle
Located in the Matrix of the Mitochondria, this process takes the newly oxidated Acytle Co-A’s and converts them into 2 ATP, 6 NADH, 2 FADH2, as well as releases 4 CO2. This is all done through a series of Re-Dox Reactions
Photophosphorylation
The creation of ATP through the use of sunlight.
substrate level phosphorylation
The creation of ATP from the use of concentration levels of H+
Chemiosmosis
The creation of ATP through the use of chemicals
Receptor Mediated Endocytosis
Endocytosis, triggered by internal cellular molecules taking in substances bound to the plasma membrane.
Phagocytosis
A form of endocytosis in which a foriegn substance, most commonly a pathogen, is engulfed and digested by a nuerophil or macrophage.
Dehydration Reactions
Reactions in which water is removed to allow two monomers to bind and become a polymer
Hydrolysis
The reverse reaction of a dehydration reaction, where water is added in order to break the bonds between polymers to reform monomers.
Binary Fission
Bacteria’s method of reproduction. Asexually reproducing.
Gene Flow
The immigration/emmigration of indivisuals in a population.
Genetic Drift
Dramatic changes in size of a population, either caused by the bottleneck effect or founder effect. It causes a massive shrinkage to the population, thus shifting the allele frequencies, causing the population to evolve.
