Review Stuff Flashcards

1
Q
  • What is a transposon?
  • Insertion sequence?
  • Composite transposons?
  • Conjugative transposons?
  • alpha hemolysin toxin?
  • Diptheria toxin how?
  • Gs?
  • GI?
  • Entero: GC? AC?
  • 4 ways to get strep and toxin?
A
  • Segment of DNA that can be enzymatically moved
  • Transposon that can be placed
  • 2 IS’s with part of toxin in between
  • Mediate own conjugation
  • Staph aureus
  • ADP ribosylate EF-2; endocytosed
  • Cholera
  • Pertussis
  • Stable; labile
    1. ) Staph = preformed toxin 2.) C diff = toxin A and B 3.) C. derf. = enterotoxin in vivo 4.) ETEC = heat labile/stable toxin
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2
Q
  • NSBL’s? Species? Resistance?
  • ESBL’s? Species? Resistance?
  • BSBL’s? Species? Resistance?
  • Carbs? Species? Resistance?
A
  • Staph = bla (all plasmid); E. Coli = TEM1 (some plasmid); Kleb pneu = SHV-1 (chrom) –> amp/pen
  • E coli/ klebs = All pens / cephs
  • ampC chromosome; enterobacter/pseudonomas; C = cephs/pens; I = amp
  • NDM1/KPC plasmids; Kleb pneu and e.coli
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3
Q
  • Altered PBP’s? Species? Resistance?
  • Macrolide Resistance? Species? Resistance?
  • Vancomycin Resistance? Species?
  • Quinolone: Species?
A
  • staph = mecA PBP2a common, strep pneu = PBP2x mosaic (transformation), e faecium = PBP5 on most
  • efflux = - d test; macs only; methylase = erm = + d test = macs and clinda; staph and strep
  • vanA plasmid = staph and e faecium; VISA on staph
  • QRDR mutations leading to gyrA/parC mutations
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4
Q

Resistance Mechanisms:

  1. ) Staph Aeureus?
  2. ) CNS?
  3. ) Strep pneumo?
  4. ) Viridians strep?
  5. ) C. diff?
  6. ) Pseudonomas?
  7. ) B. fragilis?
  8. ) Strep pyrogenes?
  9. ) N. gonnorrhea?
  10. ) Mycoplasma?
  11. ) Chlamydia?
A
  1. ) Coagulase and fibrin
  2. ) glycocalyx
  3. ) Antiphag capsule (vaccine)
  4. ) Dextrans to heart valve
  5. ) Rho family/cytotoxins
  6. ) Instrinsic resistance with pumps
  7. ) Abdomnal anaerobe infections
  8. ) M protein
  9. ) pili
  10. ) no cell wall
  11. ) obligate intracellular
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