REVIEW TEST #2 Flashcards
(87 cards)
1
Q
Arthritis
A
Joint disorder characterized by joint inflammation, pain, and swelling
2
Q
Bursitis
A
Inflammation of a bursa
3
Q
Gout
A
Joint disorder (commonly of the feet) caused by faulty uric acid metabolism
4
Q
Osteomyelitis
A
Inflammation of the bone (especially the marrow), caused by bacterial infection
5
Q
Osteochondritis
A
Inflammation of the bone and cartilage
6
Q
Osteoporosis
A
Disorder involving loss of bone density
7
Q
Rickets
A
Abnormal bone formation indirectly resulting from lack of vitamin D needed for calcium absorption
8
Q
Tumors
A
Abnormal bone growth
9
Q
Atrophy
A
Decrease in size (wasting) of a muscle, usually due to an activity
10
Q
Muscular dystrophy
A
Genetic disease in which the muscles waste away or atrophy
11
Q
Myalgia
A
Painful muscle
12
Q
Tendonitis
A
Inflammation of the muscle tendons, usually due to overexertion
13
Q
Acne
A
Inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles
14
Q
Cancer
A
Basal cell, squamous, melanoma
15
Q
Dermatitis
A
Skin inflammation
16
Q
Fungal infections
A
Including tinea and ringworm
17
Q
Herpes
A
Including cold sore or viral infection
18
Q
Impetigo
A
Staph or strep infection
19
Q
Keloid
A
Fibrous tissue growth at a scar area
20
Q
Pediculosis
A
Lice infestation
21
Q
Pruritus
A
Itching
22
Q
Psoriasis
A
Chronic skin condition of unknown origin characterized by clearly defined red patches of scaly skin
23
Q
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
ALS
A
A disease involving muscle weakness and atrophy due to degeneration of portions of the brain and spinal cord
24
Q
Encephalitis
A
Inflammation of the brain
25
Epilepsy
Recurrent pattern of seizures
26
Hydrocephalus
Accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain
27
Meningitis
Inflammation of the membranes of the spinal cord or brain
28
Multiple sclerosis
Disease causing destruction of them myelin sheath (fatlike covering) of the nerves of the brain
29
Neuralgia
Severe pain along the nerve
30
Parkinson’s disease
Chronic nerve is disease characterized by fine muscle tremors and muscle weakness
31
Shingles
Acute eruption of herpes blisters along the course of a peripheral nerve
32
Acromegaly
Overgrowth of the bones in the hands, feet, and face caused by excessive GH in adulthood
33
Diabetes insipidus
Condition characterized by increased thirst and increased urine production caused by inadequate secretion of ADH, also called vasopressin
34
Dwarfism
Condition of being abnormally small, one cause of which is growth hormone (GH) deficiency in infancy
35
Gigantism
Excessive development of the body or of a body part due to excessive GH
36
Congenital hypothyroidism
Insufficient thyroid activity in a newborn, from either a genetic deficiency or maternal factors such as lack of dietary iron during pregnancy
37
Cretinism
Severe untreated congenital hypothyroidism in which the development of the child is impaired, resulting in a short, disproportionate body, thick tongue and neck, and mental handicap
38
Goiter
Enlargement of the thyroid gland
39
Hyperthyroidism (Graves’ disease)
Condition characterized by weight loss, nervousness, and protruding eyeballs, due to an increased metabolic rate caused by excessive secretion of the thyroid gland
40
Myxedema (hypothyroid syndrome)
Condition characterized by anemia, slow speech, mental apathy, drowsiness, and sensitivity to cold, resulting from decreased functioning of the thyroid gland
41
Addison’s disease
Condition characterized by weight loss, dehydration, and hypertension (abnormally low blood pressure) caused by decreased glucose and sodium levels due to hyposecretion of the adrenal glands
42
Aldosteronism
Condition characterized by hypertension (high blood pressure) and edema caused by excessive sodium and water retention due to hypersecretion of aldosterone
43
Cushing’s syndrome
Condition characterized by a swollen, “moon-shaped” face and redistribution of fat to the abdomen and back of the neck caused by an excess of cortisone
44
Diabetes mellitus
Condition in which there is impaired carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism due to a deficiency of insulin
45
Diabetes mellitus type I or non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)
Type of diabetes in which the body is able to produce insulin, but either the amount to produce is insufficient or there is impaired use of the insulin produced. This type of diabetes occur predominantly in adults
46
Hyperglycemia
Increased blood sugar that often precedes diabetic coma if not treated
47
Hyperinsulinism
Too much insulin in the blood due to excessive secretion of insulin or an overdose of insulin (insulin shock)
48
Hypoglycemia
Abnormally low glucose (blood sugar) often due to hyperinsulinism
49
Appendicitis
Inflammation of the appendix
50
Cholecystitis
Inflammation of the gallbladder
51
Colitis
Inflammation of the colon
52
Diverticulosis
Patches in the walls of the colon
53
Gastritis
Inflammation of the stomach lining
54
Gastroenteritis
Inflammation of the stomach and intestinal tract
55
Hepatitis
Inflammation of the liver
56
Pancreatitis
Inflammation of the pancreas
57
Peritonitis
Inflammation of the abdominal cavity lining
58
Ulcer
Open sore or lesion
59
Cervical cancer
Cancer of the cervix
60
Infertility
A lower than normal ability to reproduce
61
Ovarian cancer
Cancer of the ovaries
62
Ovarian cyst
A usually nonmalignant growth in ovary
63
Prostate cancer
Cancer of the prostate gland
64
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)
Diseases such as syphilis, gonorrhea, and genital herpes, which are usually transmitted by sexual contact
65
Uterine cancer
Cancer of the uterus
66
Cystitis
Bladder inflammation
67
Kidney stones
Uric acid, calcium phosphate, or oxalate stones in the kidneys, ureter, or bladder
68
Nephritis
Inflammation of the kidneys
69
Renal failure
Sudden, severe impairment of renal function
70
Uremia
Impaired kidney function with a buildup of waste products in the blood
71
Urinary tract infection (UTI)
Infection involving the organs or ducts of the urinary system
72
Apnea
A temporary cessation of breathing
73
Asthma
Difficulty in breathing accompanied by wheezing caused by spasm or swelling of the bronchial tubes
74
Bronchitis
Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bronchial tubes
75
Cystic fibrosis
Genetic endocrine disease causing excess production of mucus
76
Dyspnea
Difficult or labored breathing
77
Emphysema
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
78
Hypoxia
Deficiency of oxygen
79
Infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS)
Severe impairment of respiratory function in the newborn due to a lack of substance called surfactant in the baby’s lungs
80
Pleurisy
Inflammation of the pleural membrane
81
Pneumonia
Inflammation of the lungs
82
Pulmonary edema
Accumulation of fluid in the lungs
83
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
Virus that is a major cause of respiratory distress in infants and children
84
Rhinitis
Inflammation of the nasal mucous membranes
85
Tonsillitis
Infection of the tonsils
86
Tuberculosis (TB)
Infectious disease affecting the respiratory system. Caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
87
Upper respiratory infection (URI)
Infection of the nose, throat, larynx, or upper trachea such as that caused by a cold virus
