Revision

Question 1

What is a pathogen?

Answer 1

A microorganism that causes types of disease

Question 2

What is a Protist example

Answer 2

Malaria (caused by plasmodium)

Question 3

What is a Virus example?

Answer 3

AIDS caused by HIV (the pathogen)

Question 4

What is a bacteria example?

Answer 4

Gonorrhoea (yellow discharge from genitalia)

Question 5

What is a fungi example?

Answer 5

Athletes foot

Question 6

What are Bacteria?

Answer 6

Very small living cells that produce toxins

Question 7

What is a virus?

Answer 7

Viruses are not cells but smaller and reproduce rapidly inside your body

Question 8

What is a Protist?

Answer 8

Protists are single-celled Eukaryotes
Can be transferred by a vector

Question 9

What is a fungi?

Answer 9

Some are single-celled others have a body made up of hyphae can produce spores and cause diseases

Question 10

Proteins to Amino acids

Answer 10

Protease

Question 11

Fats (lipids) to Fatty acids and glycerol

Answer 11

Lipase

Question 12

Starch to Maltose

Answer 12

Amylase

Question 13

Test for Suagrs

Answer 13

Benedict’s test

Question 14

Test for Starch

Answer 14

Iodine Solution

Question 15

Test form Proteins

Answer 15

Biuret Test

Question 16

Test for Lipids

Answer 16

Sudan III

Question 17

If lipids are present

Answer 17

Bright Red

Question 18

If Starch is present

Answer 18

From browny-orange to black or blue-black

Question 19

If Sugar is present

Answer 19

From Blue to Green, Yellow or Red

Question 20

What is the Phloem made out of?

Answer 20

Elongated living cells with small pores at the end of the walls to allow cell sap through

Question 21

What is the xylem made out of?

Answer 21

Dead cells with no wall between them and a hole down the middle
Lignin strengthens it

Question 22

Why is there a constant Transpiration stream?

Answer 22

Water escapes the leaves by diffusion and so needs to be constantly replenished by the roots

Question 23

What are the Four Main things affecting transpiration rate

Answer 23

Light intensity
Humidity
Air Flow
Temperature

Question 24

What is the Structure of guard cells?

Answer 24

Thin outer walls and thick inner walls
Adapted for gas exchange

Question 25

What are Platelets?

Answer 25

Small fragments of cells that allow blood to clot at a wound to stop blood pouring out

Question 26

What is Plasma?

Answer 26

A liquid that carries everything

Question 27

What does Plasma carry?

Answer 27

Platelets CO2 Urea Hormones Red and White blood cells Proteins Antibodies and Antitoxins

Question 28

Physical defence for Plants

Answer 28

Thick bark Cellulose Leaves are covered in Cuticle

Question 29

Chemical defence for plants

Answer 29

Produce enzymes Stinging cells and trichomes (stinging hairs)

Question 30

Types of Plant Pathogen

Answer 30

Rice blast fungus (causes decay)

Question 31

Types of Plant pathogen

Answer 31

Tobacco mosaic virus (discolouration)

Question 32

Types of plant pathogen

Answer 32

Mealybugs (Stunted growth)

Question 33

What is a vaccine?

Answer 33

Injecting small amounts of dead or weakend pathogen so your body produces antibodies

Question 34

2 Pros of Vaccination

Answer 34

Control lots of communicable diseases that were once common (polio, measles, smallpox) Epidemics are prevented

Question 35

2 cons of Vaccination

Answer 35

Don’t always work Some can have a bad reaction (fever or seizure)

Question 36

Why are red blood cells bio concave?

Answer 36

So that they can supply more oxygen

Question 37

What binds to oxygen in red blood cells?

Answer 37

Haemoglobin

Question 38

Painkiller that comes from Willow

Answer 38

Aspirin

Question 39

Digitalis comes from a chemical found in

Answer 39

Foxgloves

Question 40

What is Benign?

Answer 40

The Tumour stays in one place and is not cancerous

Question 41

What is Malignant?

Answer 41

When the tumour grows and spreads to healthy tissues Is cancerous

Question 42

Pros of Artificial heart

Answer 42

Less chance rejected by the body Temporary Pumps blood

Question 43

Cons of Artificial heart

Answer 43

Don’t work as well Can cause blood clots because blood doesn’t run as smooth

Question 44

If Proteins are present

Answer 44

Blue to Purple

Question 45

Bile

Answer 45

Produce in the Liver Stored in the gall bladder Released into the small intestines

Question 46

What does Bile do?

Answer 46

Neutralises the acid so enzymes can work best

Question 47

Emulsifies fats

Answer 47

Breaks down fat into ting droplets so there is a larger surface area for the lipase to work on

Question 48

Parts of the Vein

Answer 48

Thin Walls Large Lumen Valves

Question 49

Parts of the Artery

Answer 49

Thick walls - muscle and elastic fibres Small lumen

Question 50

Parts of the Capillaries

Answer 50

I cell thick Small lumen Permeable walls

Question 51

Where is Amylase made?

Answer 51

Salivary glands Pancreas Small intestine

Question 52

Where is Protease made?

Answer 52

Stomach (where it’s called pepsin) Pancreas Small intestine

Question 53

Where is Lipase made?

Answer 53

Pancreas Small intestine

Question 54

What is Mitosis?

Answer 54

Mitosis is when the cells divides