Revision Flashcards
(17 cards)
What substance has only one type of Atom?
An element.
Name the elements in the activity series in order.
Potassium Sodium Calcium Magnesium (Carbon) Zinc Iron Copper Silver Gold
What are the Native elements in the re-activity series?
Sliver and Gold
What is the word equation for Zinc Thermal Decomposition?
Zinc carbonate ——- Zinc Oxide + Carbon Dioxide
what are the four Alkanes (hydrocarbons)?
Methane
Ethane
Propane
Butane
What is the equation to work out the molecular formula?
CnH
2n+2
What is the Displayed formula of hydrocarbons?
CH4 ( For every Carbon there is two Hydrogen’s )
H
H-C-H
H
How does Fractional Distillation work?
The hydrocarbons are heated as soon as they enter the column. This causes the hydrocarbon’s to evaporate into a gas and rises to the top. Hydrocarbons rise because heat rises.
As the hydrocarbons rise they condense back into a liquid at different points, depending on their size. The smaller hydrocarbons rise and don’t condense back into a liquid until it’s near the top. The bigger hydrocarbons rise and condense in the middle of the column.
How do you balance an equation?
Draw a line under the arrow and then list all the elemnts on either side of the line. Then make sure that the same elements have the same amount each side. (REMEMBER, YOU CAN ONLY PUT THE NUMBER BEFORE THE ELEMENT)
What is the Lime Cycle?
Limestone (CaCO3) — add CO2 — Calcium Oxide (Quick Lime - CaO) — add H2O — Calcium Hydroxide ( Slaked Lime - Ca(OH)2 ) — physical change — Calcium Hydroxide soin ( Lime Water - Ca(OH)2 ) — Chemical reaction (add CO2) — Back to Limestone
What are the uses of Copper?
- Plumbing because its malleable.
- Electricity because its a good conductor of heat and of electricity.
- Copper pots and pans because its a good conductor of heat.
- Coins because copper doesn’t erode.
What are the methods of extracting copper?
- Smelting ( add Carbon and heat )
- Electrolysis ( Splitting using electricity )
- Phyto mining ( Planting on low-grade copper ores. The plants absorb copper compounds. When burnt the plants produce copper - rich ash )
- Bio leaching ( Some bacteria obtain nutrients from copper ores. Such bacteria produce solutions of copper compounds. Copper can be extracted from their solutions )
Lime Stone is what type of rock?
Sedimentary
Pure Iron is converted into an alloy (steel). What to you mix Iron with to create Steel?
You mix it with other elements.
What are Alkanes?
Saturated hydrocarbons.
In order, name what the pipes give out in fractional distillation. (From top to bottom)
At the top - LPG -Petrol -Naphtha -Kerosene -Diesel -Heating oil At the bottom - Bitumen
What are particles like in a solid, liquid and a gas?
Solid - Cannot move at all
Liquid - Slight movement, slightly spread apart but still attached to one another.
Gas - Free and pinging around everywhere.
